Gingival inflammation Oral Health
Conditions
Interventions
The study involves smokers with mild periodontal (gum) disease who do not intend to quit smoking but would be prepared to substitute e-cigarettes instead of smoking for 2 weeks. The aim would be to co
Sponsors
King's College London (UK)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Subjects must have at least 24 natural teeth, excluding third molars 2. Subjects must have smoked at least 5 cigarettes/day for at least 5 years 3. They will be systemically healthy individuals who have mild periodontal disease with no pocket depth over 5 mm at any site
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Subjects with any systemic condition known to exacerbate or modulate periodontal disease e.g., diabetes 2. Have taken antibiotics in the previous 3 months 3. Take any anti-inflammatory drugs regularly 4. Take other medication likely to affect the periodontal tissue e.g., calcium channel blocking drugs 5. Pregnant or nursing mothers 6. Patients with nut allergies will be excluded as the nicotine-containing fluid may contain traces of nuts
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The number of gingival sites bleeding after probing, measured at baseline and 2 weeks | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. The volume of gingival crevicular fluid, measured at baseline and 2 weeks 2. The concentration of biomarkers in plasma and gingival crevicular fluid, measured at baseline and 2 weeks | — |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed