Sedentary individuals Not Applicable
Conditions
Interventions
The study was carried out in compliance with the principles laid down in the Helsinki Declaration. One hundred one individuals (women and men
students and employers) were recruited from the Moncton campus of the Université de Moncton. The study was approved by the University’s Human Research Ethics Committee (UHRC), and the participants wer
Sponsors
Université de Moncton
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Sedentary and healthy 2. Adults and senior
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: No history of cardiovascular or chronic health problems, drug consumption, or smoking before the beginning of the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Measured at baseline and at post-intervention: 1. Waist conference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) measured twice to the nearest 0.5 cm with a flexible tape. Waist to hip ratio (WHR) was calculated using the following formula: WHR = WC (cm)/HC (cm) 2. Maximal and submaximal oxygen consumption evaluated through maximal and submaximal test on an upright cycle ergometer (Monark Ergomedic 839E electronic test cycle, Sweden) with continuous measurement of pulmonary gas exchange using a breath-by-breath automated metabolic system (Ergocard MEDI-SOFT, Sorinnes, Belgium) 3. Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC; Chromsystems; Thermo Finnigan, France) following the method of Koubi et al. 4. The frequency-domain analyses evaluated in both groups at rest, at VT1, and at baseline, and repeated post-intervention. Fast Fourier transformation and Hanning windows (512) with 50% overlap obtained the power spectral density. 5. The energy consumption, (E) in watts, calculated as follows: (E = (4.94 RER + 16.04) × VO2net/60 6. For women: menopausal status calculated on the basis of Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Measured at baseline and at post-intervention: 1. Heart rate values continuously measured using an electrocardiogram machine (CASE 16 exercise testing system, Marquette, Wisconsin, USA) 2. Maximal power output determined by the Force-Velocity test on a cycle ergometer using a technique adapted from the study of Vandewalle et al 3. Plasma glucose concentrations determined using commercially available kits (all ABX Pentra, Montpellier, France) 4. Plasma insulin concentrations measured in the centralized laboratory by a radioimmunoassay procedure (Phaadebas Insulin Kit; Pharmacia Diagnostics AB, Piscataway, NJ). The insulin resistance was estimated by the homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) index as [fasting insulin (µU/ml) × fasting glucose (mmol/l]/22.5 5. Lipid oxidation (%LO) contributing to energy calculated using the method of McGilvery and Goldstein (1983) as follows: %LO = [(1 – RER)/0.29] × 100 6. Net mechanical efficiency (MEnet, %) calculated using the formula developed by Lafortuna et al. (2006) as the ratio of work performed (W) to the rate of energy consumed (E, W) above resting level, that was in turn computed as follows: E = (4.94 RER + 16.04) × VO2net / 60 | — |
Countries
Canada
Outcome results
None listed