Centrally located breast cancer (early-stage, operable) Cancer
Conditions
Interventions
Participants were randomised in a 1:1 ratio using sealed opaque envelopes. The randomisation process was managed by a person independent of patient enrollment, surgical procedures, and outcome assessm
Sponsors
Cairo University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Female patients aged 35–75 years 2. Histologically confirmed centrally located breast cancer (T1–T2) 3. Tumor located within 2 cm of the nipple-areola complex 4. Suitable for breast-conserving surgery 5. Provided written informed consent
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Non-central tumors (outside central quadrant) 2. Inflammatory breast cancer (T4d) 3. Metastatic disease 4. Multicentric tumors 5. Breast size smaller than cup size C 6. Prior breast surgery or irradiation
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Margin status (tumor-free vs involved), assessed by pathology examination immediately post-surgery | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Patient satisfaction measured using a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire at 3 and 12 months postoperatively 2. Surgeon-assessed aesthetic outcomes using a visual analog scale (VAS, 0–10) at 12 months postoperatively 3. Postoperative complications (seroma, infection, wound dehiscence) recorded clinically within 30 postoperative days 4. Tumor size and distance from the nipple-areola complex as documented in the pathology report at surgery | — |
Countries
Egypt
Contacts
Public ContactAhmed Shafik
Outcome results
None listed