Reduction of pain associated with orthodontic treatment in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment Oral Health
Conditions
Interventions
Upon starting orthodontic treatment with either clear aligners or fixed appliances, some patients were asked to use the PBM Ortho device and to record their pain level every day for 7 days, and some p
Sponsors
PBM Healing International Limited
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Systemically healthy male and female patients (age 18 - 65), i.e., did not suffer from systemic illness nor require medication during the study period. 2. Permanent dentition, with Little's Irregularity Index (LII) of 2 mm or greater for the upper and lower arch. 3. Orthodontic treatment using clear aligners or fixed appliances via non-extraction therapy. 4. Non-smoker with no use of chewing tobacco. 5. Good oral hygiene. 6. Caries free. 7. No sign of periodontal disease.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Systemic diseases 2. Medication use for the past 6 months; especially use of anti-inflammatory (e.g., NSAIDs) 3. Smoking. 4. Active dental caries. 5. Any periodontal problem including bleeding, tooth mobility, bone loss, attachment loss, deep pockets. 6. Sleep apnea and other airway pathologies 7. Photosensitivity or use of drugs that may cause photosensitivity 8. Use of osteoporosis drugs 9. Epilepsy 10. Patients who had an implanted cardiac device unless the device is known to not be affected by magnetic fields
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Self-reported pain level for 7 days using a visual analog scale form (0 = no pain, 10 = worst pain imaginable) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Any report of adverse events measured using patient records throughout the study | — |
Countries
Japan
Contacts
Public ContactAlan Kwong Hing
Outcome results
None listed