The effectiveness of a therapeutic intervention consisting of body weight–supported treadmill training combined with neurologic music therapy in neurological patients (post-stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis) undergoing inpatient rehabilitation. Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age: 18–80 years 2. Sex/Gender: Women and men; no sex-based recruitment preferences 3. Neurological diagnosis (e.g., ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis) 4. Time since neurological event: =3 weeks; up to several years (stable subacute or chronic phase) 5. Mobility status: Able to ambulate with an orthopedic aid and/or therapist assistance 6. Medical fitness: Clinical status permitting participation in gait training (as assessed by the attending physician and physiotherapist) 7. Cognitive capacity: Sufficient to understand instructions and provide written informed consent
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Unstable cardiac or pulmonary disease 2. Severe cognitive impairment (MMSE 3) 4. History of orthopedic surgery, preventing gait training 5. Hypersensitivity or significant discomfort related to sounds or music6
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Change in spatiotemporal gait parameters (step length, gait speed, gait cycle) measured using the Biodex Gait Trainer 3 from baseline (T0) to post-intervention (T1) 2. Change in gait symmetry, assessed by stance time and step length (right vs. left limb) and coefficient of variation within the gait cycle, measured with the Biodex Gait Trainer 3 from T0 to T1 3. Comparison of locomotor outcomes between groups (treadmill training with vs. without neurologic music therapy), including patients using orthopedic aids (cane, crutch, walker), measured with Biodex Gait Trainer 3 from baseline (T0) to post-intervention (T1) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The following functional independence and mobility secondary outcomes will be assessed from T0 to T1 (and T2, optional) using: 1. Barthel Index 2. Timed Up and Go (TUG) 3. 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT) 4. Rivermead Motor Assessment – Gross Function 5. Patient Locomotion Ability Form (classification of mobility with/without aids) 6. Modified Ashworth Scale (muscle tone) 7. Medical Research Council (MRC) Scale (muscle strength) 8. ICF Short Assessment 9. Change in the use of orthopedic aids (walker, cane, crutches), documented at T0, T1, and T2 10. Health-related quality of life using the WHOQOL-BREF (or EQ-5D, depending on availability), from T0 to T1 (and T2) | — |
Countries
Poland