Chronic low back pain Musculoskeletal Diseases Low back pain
Conditions
Interventions
After baseline assessments, the participants will be randomly assigned to:
1. FESWT and core stability exercises, or
2. RESWT and core stability exercises, or
energy flux density of 0.1 mJ/mm2
frequency of 5 Hz) using a pneumatic device in group A, or treatment with FESWT (1 000 shots each session
energy flux density of 0.15 mJ/mm2
frequency of 4 H) using an ultrasound device in group B. The procedures were performed twice a week (Monday and Thursday) for a period of five weeks (10 procedures in total).
Particip
Sponsors
Opole Medical School
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Patients with discopathy of the L5-S1 spine segment with chronic pain lasting more than three months (diagnosis based on magnetic resonance imaging examination to determine the advancement of degenerative and inflammatory changes of the lumbar region [> Modic III])
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Acute low back pain 2. Sciatica episodes 3. Degenerative changes of cervical or thoracic region (individuals with lesions I° and II° according to Modic classification will not be excluded from the study, only degeneration III° will be a basis for exclusion) 4. Past fractures of the bone structures of the spine; spinal surgery 5. Cancer 6. Vertebra forward dislocation 7. Rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis 8. Cauda equina syndrome 9. Pregnancy 10. Acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases 11. Arrhythmia and pacemaker 12. Metal implants 13. Dermatological conditions in the area of ESWT application 14. Sensory deficits 15. Psychiatric disorders 16. Immunological diseases 17. Infections 18. Chronic drug use 19. Problems with the balance system 20. Central nervous system diseases
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain assessed with the Visual-Analogue Scale and the Laitinen Pain Indicator Questionnaire at baseline, after treatment, and during follow-up visits at one and three months | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Measured at baseline, after treatment, and during follow-up visits at one and three months: 1. Quality of life assessed with the Oswestry and Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire 2. Posture stability with open and closed eyes measured using posturography 3. Gait analysed using medical treadmill 4. Mobility range in the hip joint on the side of the herniated disc in the course of spinal discopathy measured using the Lasèque test. The starting position is lying down on the back with both legs straight. The examiner then slowly lifts one of the patient’s legs while the knee is straight at the joint until pain occurs. The mobility range is measured in angle degrees using a goniometer 5. Mobility of the lumbosacral spine evaluated using the Schober test. While the patient is in a standing position, the examiner marks 2 points on the patient’s skin: at 10 cm above the line connecting the posterior superior iliac spines, and then at 5 cm below that line. The patient then slowly bends down as far as possible, while keeping the knees straight. The measurement is made using a tape measure. The obtained result is recorded with an accuracy of up to 0.5 cm | — |
Countries
Poland
Contacts
Public ContactKatarzyna Rajfur
Outcome results
None listed