The effects of different community fitness centre based exercise referral interventions in overweight and obese adults

The effects of structured exercise, physical activity counselling, or a combination of both, upon strength and body composition in overweight and obese adults taking part in an exercise referral scheme

Status

Active, not recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Interventional

Source

ISRCTN

Registry ID

ISRCTN13509468

Enrollment

400

Registered

2018-03-06

Start date

2015-01-01

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2021-01-05

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Physical activity and exercise Not Applicable

Interventions

The population (P) was sedentary overweight or obese adults with, or at increased risk of, Type 2 Diabetes. The interventions (I) included three interventions groups described in detail below

a general practitioner (GP) exercise referral scheme of structured exercise (STRUC), physical activity counselling (PAC), or a combination of both (COMB). The comparator (C) was a wait-list control gr

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: 1. Overweight and/or obese (BMI 25-35), and/or at increased risk of type 2 diabetes as determined by their General Practitioner (GP) 2. Not currently taking any prescribed medication for cardiovascular or metabolic conditions

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: 1. Not classified as overweight or obese 2. Not deemed to be at increased risk of Type 2 diabetes as determined by their General Practitioner (GP) 3. Currently taking prescribed medication for cardiovascular or metabolic conditions

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Measured pre and post (12 weeks) intervention: 1. Body composition, including BF mass (kg), lean mass (kg) and BF percentage (%), measured using bio-impedance (Bodystat 1500, Bodystat, Isle of Man, UK). Guidelines from the National Institute of Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre were followed for body compositions assessment (http://www.uhs.nhs.uk/Media/Southampton-Clinical-Research/Procedures/BRCProcedures/Procedure-for-bioimpedance-with-Bodystat-1500.pdf) 2. Predicted 1RM for chest press, pull down and leg press, obtained by gauging the maximal weight that could be lifted successfully for between 5 and 15 repetitions, and inputting these data into the Brzycki equation (i.e. weight/(1.0278-(0.0278 x No. Repetitions)). These results were collapsed into a single strength measure (the mean of the predicted 1RM for each exercise)	—

Measure

Time frame

Measured pre and post (12 weeks) intervention: 1. Body composition, including BF mass (kg), lean mass (kg) and BF percentage (%), measured using bio-impedance (Bodystat 1500, Bodystat, Isle of Man, UK). Guidelines from the National Institute of Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre were followed for body compositions assessment (http://www.uhs.nhs.uk/Media/Southampton-Clinical-Research/Procedures/BRCProcedures/Procedure-for-bioimpedance-with-Bodystat-1500.pdf) 2. Predicted 1RM for chest press, pull down and leg press, obtained by gauging the maximal weight that could be lifted successfully for between 5 and 15 repetitions, and inputting these data into the Brzycki equation (i.e. weight/(1.0278-(0.0278 x No. Repetitions)). These results were collapsed into a single strength measure (the mean of the predicted 1RM for each exercise)

—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
Measured pre and post (12 weeks) intervention: 1. Maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) predicted using the Modified Balke Protocol. Participants walked on a treadmill at between 3.6 and 5.6kph, depending on ability, for 3 min. Following this, the gradient was increased by 1% each minute. Ratings of perceived exertions recorded at 1-min intervals using the OMNI1–10 scale. Oxygen consumption and heart rate continuously monitored via direct gaseous analysis (Fitmate Pro, COSMED, Italy). Predicted VO2max automatically extrapolated using the relationship with heart rate. The test was terminated when participants indicated perceived exertion above six (hard) and/or their heart rate reached 150bpm 2. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), which describes the average arterial pressure during a single cardiac cycle, incorporating both systolic and diastolic phases, but weighted towards the diastolic. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures (mmHg) were measured using a commercially available blood pressure monitor (Omron Healthcare, Japan). Three readings were collected and the mean value reported. MAP was estimated via the calculation MAP=DBP+0.33(SBP-DBP)	—

Measure

Time frame

Measured pre and post (12 weeks) intervention: 1. Maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) predicted using the Modified Balke Protocol. Participants walked on a treadmill at between 3.6 and 5.6kph, depending on ability, for 3 min. Following this, the gradient was increased by 1% each minute. Ratings of perceived exertions recorded at 1-min intervals using the OMNI1–10 scale. Oxygen consumption and heart rate continuously monitored via direct gaseous analysis (Fitmate Pro, COSMED, Italy). Predicted VO2max automatically extrapolated using the relationship with heart rate. The test was terminated when participants indicated perceived exertion above six (hard) and/or their heart rate reached 150bpm 2. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), which describes the average arterial pressure during a single cardiac cycle, incorporating both systolic and diastolic phases, but weighted towards the diastolic. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures (mmHg) were measured using a commercially available blood pressure monitor (Omron Healthcare, Japan). Three readings were collected and the mean value reported. MAP was estimated via the calculation MAP=DBP+0.33(SBP-DBP)

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Countries

United Kingdom

Outcome results

None listed

Source: ISRCTN (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Mar 7, 2026