Physical activity and exercise Not Applicable
Conditions
Interventions
The population (P) was sedentary adults. The interventions (I) included two fitness centre interventions and a physical activity counselling intervention both described below, and the comparator (C) w
a structured exercise programme (STRUC), or free/unstructured exercise (FREE). Those choosing a non-fitness centre pathway were randomised to either physical activity counselling (PAC), or to a measur
Sponsors
University of Greenwich
ukactive
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Sedentary, defined as currently not meeting the physical activity recommendations of the UK Chief Medical Officer 2. Taking no medication that might impact cardiovascular risk
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Not classified as sedentary 2. Currently taking medication that might impact cardiovascular disease risk
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Measured pre and post (48 weeks) intervention: 1. Body composition, including BF mass (kg), LBM (kg) and BF percentage (%), measured using bioelectrical-impedance (Bodystat 1500, Bodystat, Isle of Man, UK). Guidelines from the National Institute of Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre were followed for body compositions assessment (http://www.uhs.nhs.uk/Media/Southampton-Clinical-Research/Procedures/BRCProcedures/Procedure-for-bioimpedance-with-Bodystat-1500.pdf). 2. Predicted 1RM for chest press, pull down and leg press obtained by gauging the maximal weight that could be lifted successfully for between 5 and 15 repetitions, and inputting these data into the Brzycki equation (i.e. weight/(1.0278-(0.0278 x No. Repetitions)). These results were collapsed into a single strength measure (the mean of the predicted 1RM for each exercise). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Measured pre and post (48 weeks) intervention: 1. Maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) predicted using the Modified Balke Protocol. Participants walked on a treadmill at between 3.6 and 5.6 kph, depending on ability, for 3 min. Following this, the gradient was increased by 1% each minute. Ratings of perceived exertions were recorded at 1 min intervals using the OMNI1–10 scale. Oxygen consumption and heart rate were continuously monitored via direct gaseous analysis (Fitmate Pro, COSMED, Italy). Predicted VO2max was automatically extrapolated using the relationship with heart rate. The test was terminated when participants indicated perceived exertion above six (hard) and/or their heart rate reached 150 bpm. 2. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), which describes the average arterial pressure during a single cardiac cycle, incorporating both systolic and diastolic phases, but weighted towards the diastolic. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures (mmHg) were measured using a commercially available blood pressure monitor (Omron Healthcare, Japan). Three readings were collected and the mean value reported. MAP was estimated via the calculation MAP=DBP+0.33(SBP-DBP). 3. Total cholesterol (TC: the sum of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol) measured via finger-prick blood analysis (Cholestech LDX, Alere, UK) | — |
Countries
United Kingdom
Contacts
Public ContactSteven Mann
Outcome results
None listed