Muscular fitness, sarcopenia Musculoskeletal Diseases
Conditions
Interventions
This study is a non-randomized, 12-week incremental resistance strength training study, followed by a 12-week detraining period (in older subjects) (or 2-week casting in young subjects) and a retraini
Sponsors
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Male
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: For the older group: 1. Age >60 years 2. Male 3. No contra-indications for participation in strength training 4. No contra-indications for muscle biopsy procedure (for subgroup) 5. Non-smoker For the young group: 1. Age 18-25 years 2. Male 3. No contra-indications for participation in strength training 4. No contra-indications for muscle biopsy procedure 5. Non-smoker
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Unable to participate in the strength training program: 1.1. Severe back problems (eg acute hernia) 1.2. Problems with or prosthesis of the knee or hip 1.3. Unstable cardiovascular diseases 1.4. Neuromuscular disorders 2. Unable to provide a muscle biopsy (subgroup): 2.1. Coagulation problems 2.2. Taking blood thinners 3. Factors that might affect methylation status: 3.1. Regular participation in structured endurance and / or strength training in the last 12 months prior to the study 3.2. Smoking (must have stopped smoking for at least 30 years in order to participate) 3.3. Chronic diseases (e.g. type 2 diabetes, cancer)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| DNA methylation patterns in blood and muscle tissue analysed using Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip microarray (850K; Illumina Inc., CA, USA) at weeks 0, 12, 14/24 and 26/36 | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. mRNA expression of genes identified to show differentially methylated CpG sites during training responses assessed using RNASeq at weeks 0, 12, 14/24 and 26/36 (in muscle biopsy samples) 2. Satellite cell and myonuclei cell count assessed using Laminin, Pax7 and PCM1 staining (immunohistochemistry) at weeks 0, 12, 14/W24 and 26/36 (in muscle biopsy samples) 3. Muscle fiber type specific area/minimum Feret diameter changes assessed using MHC-I, MHC-IIa, MHC-IIx staining (immunohistochemistry) at weeks 0, 12, 14/24 and 26/36 (in muscle biopsy samples). For all stainings, images were captured with a Zeiss AxioObserver Z1 Fluorescence Microscope (10x objective for fibre typing and SC content, 20x objective for myonuclear content), using Zen blue software from Zeiss. For fibre size and fibre type analysis, the researchers included 230 ± 32 fibres (mean ± SD) per subject per time point. Myovision Basic was used for the quantification of fibre type distribution and minimum Feret diameter. 4. Strength measures of the knee extensors/flexors (static, dynamic, isotonic) assessed using Biodex Medical System 3® dynamometer (Biodex Medical Systems, Shirley, NY, USA) at weeks 0, 12, 14/24 and 26/36 5. Anthropometry: stature, body weight, BMI, arm, thigh, calf, waist circumferences (tape), skinfolds (subscapular, suprailiacal, calf, thigh, triceps, biceps)(Harpenden Caliper) at weeks 0, 12, 14/24 and 26/36 6. Body composition measured using bio-electric impedance at weeks 0, 12, 14/24 and 26/36 7. Epigenetic age based on methylation in DNA of blood and muscle tissue assessed using the Horvath's Clock calculator (https://dnamage.genetics.ucla.edu/home) at weeks 0, 12, 14/24 and 26/36 | — |
Countries
Belgium
Outcome results
None listed