Chronic low back pain Musculoskeletal Diseases
Conditions
Interventions
This quasi-experimental study design will be conducted at the Intervention Unit of King Fahad University Hospital in Khobar, Saudi Arabia. Between May 2022 and May 2023, chronic low back pain (CLBP) p
odd numbers were set for the VR group and even numbers for the SD group. The nurse then prepared both groups of patients accordingly. Patients in the SD group will be given sedative medication (2-3 mg
Sponsors
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Both males and females were included in the study 2. Patients who had been referred to the pain clinic because they had been suffering from non-specific low back pain persisting for more than three months 3. Patients older than 18 years old 4. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification I-III The ASA physical status classification system is a pre-operative tool that helps anticipate a patient's risks. On a scale of I to VI: I represents healthy patients with minimal risks and VI represents patients who are brain dead and whose organs tend to be donated upon approval.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Patients aged 17 years old and under 2. Patients who have visual or hearing impairments, dementia, and/or have been diagnosed with epilepsy or balance disorders.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Periprocedural pain intensity score measured using the numeric pain scale (with 0 denoting no pain and 10 denoting worst possible pain) before and after the procedure 2. Anxiety measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scale before and after the procedure | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The secondary outcome measures included: 1. Patient comfort measured using a five-point Gloucester Comfort scale, with 1 being the most comfortable and 5 being the most uncomfortable, immediately after the procedure 2. Patient satisfaction measured using a 5-point Likert scale (1 referred to dissatisfied; 2 to less satisfied; 3 to satisfied; 4 for very satisfied; and 5 for completely satisfied) once fully alert patients reach the recovery room after the procedure 3. Hemodynamic parameters: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), and oxygen saturation (SPO2), measured using by GE Aisys CS2® anesthesia machine throughout the procedure | — |
Countries
Saudi Arabia
Contacts
Public ContactAbrar;Abrar Bakhurji;Bakhurji
;
Outcome results
None listed