Lower back pain Injury, Occupational Diseases, Poisoning Lower back pain
Conditions
Interventions
Participants are randomly allocated to one of two groups. Randomisation is done through minimisation using BMI and gender as variables. Participants receive three sessions that are spaced seven to ni
Sponsors
University of Manchester
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Adults aged 18 to 60 with low back pain 2. Roland Morris Pain and Disability Questionnaire (RM) score of 4 or more at the initial examination 3. Symptoms for at least 3 weeks
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Frank spinal deformity 2. Lumbosacral anomalies 3. Neoplastic disease of skeletal or soft tissue of the spine 4. Bone disease e.g. Paget’s disease, osteoporosis, osteomyelitis 5. Inflammatory arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis 6. Gout 7. Cord signs: signs of a upper motor neuron lesion at the spinal cord level 8. Positive Lhermitte’s sign: This is where on flexion of the neck tingling or shock like sensations run down the arms to the fingers or down the legs and is a sign of a lesion in the posterior columns of the cervical cord (Draper, 1985). 9. Cervical and thoracic joint conditions producing neurological symptoms in one or both lower limbs 10. Evidence of involvement of one or more spinal nerve root 11. Cauda equina syndrome- triad of low back and or leg pain, numbness in the sacral region and loss of bladder or bowel control (Draper, 1985). 12. Advanced diabetes when tissue vitality might be low 13. Vascular abnormalities, visceral arterial disease 14. Congenital generalised hypermobility Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 15. Advanced degenerative changes 16. Severe root pain 17. Undiagnosed pain 18. Painful joint conditions, psychologically reinforced where manipulation runs the risk of producing an obsessional neurosis of vertebral displacement. 19. Warfarin sodium anticoagulant medication. 20. Pregnancy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain is measured using the Visual Analogue Scale for pain experienced at baseline and after session one, two and three. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Self-reported disability is measured using Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire at baseline and after session one, two and three 2. Pressure pain threshold is measured using a manual algometry pressure on the spinal muscles at baseline and after session one, two and three 3. Muscular reflexogenic responses (peak EMG amplitude) are measured using surface electromyography at session one, two and three | — |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed