Bipolar disorder Mental and Behavioural Disorders
Conditions
Interventions
After determining eligibility at a visit 1 via clinical screening, the participants were scheduled for 2 scan visits (Visits 2 and 3). Scan visits comprised the same procedures except that participant
Sponsors
University of Pittsburgh
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: All participants: 1. Right-handed (Annett criteria) 2. Aged 18-45 years 3. Able to give basic informed consent 4. Women of childbearing potential must agree to a urine pregnancy test Adults with no psychiatric history (healthy controls): 5. No previous/present psychiatric history of any disorder including Substance Use Disorders (SCID-5 criteria) 6. No family history of psychiatric illness (Family History Questionnaire criteria) Adults with Bipolar Disorder I (BDI): 7. In remission with a diagnosis of BDI (DSM-5 criteria; euthymic for more than 2 months) 8. Any antidepressant, any mood stabilizer, any atypical antipsychotic, or any combination of atypical antipsychotics and/or mood stabilizers and/or antidepressants taken for 2 months or longer or unmedicated individuals
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: All participants: 1. Not native English speaking or not fluent 2. History of head injury/severe concussion, neurological, pervasive developmental disorder (e.g. autism), or systemic medical disease (that could impact fMRI scans; from medical records and report by each potential participant) 3. Mini-Mental State Examination (cognitive state) score 7 on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRDS) 13. Score >10 on the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) 14. Psychotic: Score of 3 or more on suspiciousness, hallucinations, unusual thought content subscales of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) Adults with no psychiatric history (healthy controls): 15. Lifetime history of alcohol/substance abuse/dependence (including nicotine) and/or illicit substance use (except cannabis), determined by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5)(50). Urine tests on the scan day will exclude individuals with current illicit substance use (except cannabis); salivary alcohol tests will exclude individuals who are intoxicated on the scan day. Alcohol/nicotine/caffeine/cannabis use (below SCID-5 abuse/dependence levels) per week will be allowed, recorded for all individuals 16. Lifetime history of psychotropic medicine use 17. First degree relative with Axis I disorder 18. Present/previous personal history of psychiatric illness in childhood or after the age of 18 years (SCID-I)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Reward expectancy (RE) activation assessed using blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal change in MRI scan at the scan visit of left vlPFC, VS and amygdala, using as regions of interest the left vlPFC mask created from previous studies of reward processing in BD, a VS mask based on prior reward-related activation loci with the same paradigm, and an amygdala mask, using the SPM atlas toolbox (http://fmri.wfubmc.edu/) 2. RE functional connectivity measured by extracted parameter estimates in the brain by MRI at the scan visit | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Prediction error (PE)-related VS activation measured by BOLD signal change in the brain by MRI at the scan visit Added 27/02/2019: 2. Risky decision making is measured by performance on a risky decision making task, which occurs after each scan 3. Affect is measured by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) at the screen visit as well as before and after each scan | — |
Countries
United States of America
Outcome results
None listed