Low weight in women who are pregnant for the first time Pregnancy and Childbirth Malnutrition in pregnancy
Conditions
Interventions
After participants are recruited, written informed consent and a detailed medical history will be taken to exclude chronic illness, eating disorders, and major gastrointestinal operations. Each partic
Sponsors
Khyber medical university
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Healthy 2. First pregnancy 3. Body mass index <18.5 kg/m2 4. Aged 15-45 years
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Major illness such as gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy-induced hypertension, thyroid disease or liver disease 2. Previously on any long-term medication. 3. Allergic to supplement ingredients. 4. Previous history of gastrointestinal tract anomalies, surgeries and any other eating disorders e.g. bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa and purging disorders
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Energy consumed during the days prior to experimental trial and during ad libitum breakfast and lunch calculated using dietary analysis software (Windiets 2005, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK) 2. Appetite measured using a validated appetite questionnaire at baseline, week 16 and postnatally 3. Lipid profile analyzed using Cobas C3 analyzer 4. Maternal hemoglobin, hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume measured by hematology analyzer at baseline, week 16 & potnatal visit 5. Pregnancy outcome 6. Iron, zinc and calcium levels in cord blood analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) 7. Iron, zinc and calcium levels in colostrum measured by Cobas 8000 Modular Analyzer | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Maternal satisfaction and compliance 2. Socioeconomic data | — |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
Public ContactKalsoom Tariq
Outcome results
None listed