Nulliparous women in the second stage of pregnancy Pregnancy and Childbirth
Conditions
Interventions
This is a randomised control trial involving nulliparous patient at term ( >_37 weeks) who are admitted to an antenatal ward or labour ward of UM Hospital. Eligible patients will be identified using e
Sponsors
University Malaya Medical Centre
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1 Initial recruitment: Presumed labour / Final recruitment: During active second stage 2 Nulliparous and no previous pregnancy beyond 20 week 3. Age of > 18 4. Gestational age of > 37 weeks at enrolment confirmed by ultrasound greater or less than 20 week 5. Singleton pregnancy 6. Planned vaginal birth 7. Cephalic presentation
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Has performed antenatal perineal massage 2. Gross fetal anomaly 3. Gross perineal scarring (e.g. female genital mutilation) 4. Caesarean section (post-randomisation exclusion)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Requirement for suturing for perineal injury (Episiotomy / spontaneous tears) measured after delivery. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Maternal outcomes 1. Interval from intervention to delivery 2. Mode of delivery: Vaginal delivery / Operative vaginal delivery / caesarean delivery 3. Indication for operative vaginal delivery/caesarean section 4. Perineal status: Intact, 1st degree, 2nd degree, 3rd degree, 4th degree tear 5. Maternal satisfaction with intervention (rate 1 - 10) 6. Estimated blood loss at delivery Fetal outcomes 1. Apgar score at 1 min and 5 min 2. Birth weight 3. Arterial cord pH 4. Reason and location of neonatal admission and indication | — |
Countries
Malaysia
Outcome results
None listed