School readiness Not Applicable
Conditions
Interventions
Current interventions as of 12/12/2023:
On recruitment during pregnancy, participants were randomly assigned to either a low-treatment group or a high-treatment group. High and low-treatment groups re
Sponsors
University College Dublin (Ireland)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Women (age 16+ years) pregnant between 2008 and 2010 2. Residing in the PFL catchment area 3. Willing to be assigned to either of the study intervention groups
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Potential participants were excluded if they did not meet inclusion criteria
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Current primary outcome measures as of 12/12/2023: School Readiness Skills 1. Cognitive development: measured using Ages and Stages Questionnaire (at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 months); Developmental Profile 3 (at 12, 18, 24, 36, 48); British Ability Scales (at 48 months); Executive functioning & delay of gratification (48 months) 2. Physical health and motor skills: measured using Ages and Stages Questionnaire (at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 months); hospital records (at 48 months); parent-reported child health (at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 months) 3. Socio-emotional development: measured using Temperament and Atypical Behaviour Scale (at 12 months); Difficult temperament (at 6 & 12 months); ASQ-Socio-Emotional scale (at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 months); Brief Infant Toddler 4. Social and Emotional Assessment (at 12, 18 24, 36 months) 4. Behavioural skills: measured using Temperament and Atypical Behaviour Scale (at 12 months); Child Behaviour Checklist (at 18, 36, 48 months); Peer Problems and Prosocial Behaviour (at 48 months) 5. Language development and emergent literacy: measured using Mac-Arthur Bates Communicative Development Inventories (at 12, 18, 24 months); Ages and Stages Questionnaire (at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 months); British Ability Scales (at 48 months) Age 9 follow-up study, Child Health and Development Outcomes (~age 9) 1. Cognitive development measured using British Ability Scales; Executive functions NIH Toolbox measures: Flanker task, dimensional change card sort task, & list sorting task 2. Physical health and motor skills: parent-reported child health, measured height & weight, Harvard step-test 3. Socio-emotional development measured using parent-report Brief Problems Monitor, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and child self-report of problem behaviours using Social Skills Improvement System 5. School attendance and performance measured using standardised test score data from primary schools (SIGMA/MICRA-T or Drumcondra tests), school attendance reco | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Birth outcomes: maternity hospital records at birth (birth weight, gestational age, prematurity, Apgar score) 2. Labour outcomes: maternity hospital records at birth (instrumental delivery, caesarean section- elective, emergency 3. Parenting skills: Adult Adolescence Parenting Inventory (at baseline &12 months); Knowledge of Infant Development (at baseline & 12 months); Parental locus of control (at 6 months); Condon Maternal Attachment Scale (at 6 & 24 months); Parenting Stress Index (at 6, 24 & 48 months); Parenting Daily Hassles Scale (at 18, 36 & 48 months).; Maternal Separation Anxiety (at 18 months); Parental Cognitions and Conduct Towards Infant Scale (at 6 & 24 months); Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (at 36 & 48 months); Parental Acceptance -Rejection Questionnaire (at 36 months) 4. Quality of the home environment: Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment scale (at 6, 18 & 36 months); Activities with child (at 6, 18, 36 months); Home Learning Environment (at 48 months); Material Deprivation scale (at 18 months); Framingham Safety Survey (at 6, 18, & 48 months); Family Environment Scale (at 12 &36 months); Difficult Life Circumstances (18 & 36 months); Neighbourhood Quality Evaluation Scale (at 36 months); Family Routine Inventory (at 36 months) 5. Parent health: physical health outcomes (self-reported) (at baseline, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 months); personality (Tem-Item Personality Inventory (baseline), Rosenberg self-esteem (at baseline12, 18, 48 months) Pearlin Self-Efficacy Scale (at baseline,12 & 48 months) ; Vulnerable Attachment Style Questionnaire (baseline); Considerations of Future Consequences (at baseline & 24 months); Future Outlook Inventory (at 12, 36 months); Self-control (at 18 months); mental health outcomes (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 6, 18, 24, 36, & 48); WHO-5 Index (at baseline, 6, 12, 36, 48) 6. Social support and service use: Level from support from various people (at 6, 18, 24, 36, & 48 month | — |
Countries
Ireland
Outcome results
None listed