Nonmetastatic breast cancer Cancer
Conditions
Interventions
According to the socio-cognitive theory which defines that Posttraumatic Growth only emerges if the individual perceives the event as traumatic, we selected the intervention group based on the PCL-C v
Sponsors
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada (ISPA) (Portugal)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Participants must have been diagnosed after January 2011 until the present 2. First breast cancer and diagnosis between stages I-III 3. Female subjects with minimum age of 18 years. No age range. 4. Able to provide informed written consent 5. Fluent written and spoken Portuguese. The questionnaires are written and validated in Portuguese. 6. Have no physical or mental disorder that compromises participation in the study
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Another diagnosis of breast cancer or other type of cancer prior or after the first assessment 2. Psychological or physical comorbidities that make it unlikely that participants will complete the study 3. The participants who have symptoms of major depression or anxiety disorder, and also the participants who feel too distressed to be approached, will be excluded from the study 4. Participants that have substance misuse or other issues that may compromise their participation in the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI; Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996, 1998): This is a 21-item inventory that assesses the positive changes perceived in several areas of personal life after the subject experiences a traumatic event. The positive benefits are measured through five domains of growth: personal strength, new possibilities, relating to others, appreciation of life, and spiritual change. 2. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scale Civilian (PCL-C; Andrykowski et al., 1991): This is a 17-item self-report measure that evaluates the distress and the impact of breast cancer as a traumatic event through three subscales: intrusion, avoidance and hyper-arousal. Measured at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Rumination Scale (Calhoun et al., 2000). This scale is composed of two 10-item subscales that assess the style of rumination, intrusive and deliberate, respectively in each subscale, during the two weeks immediately after the traumatic event. Measured at baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow-up. 2. Core Beliefs Inventory (CBI; Cann et al., 2010), is a nine-item measure that assesses the degree to which the traumatic event shattered the assumptive world. Measured at baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow-up. 3. Stressfulness of the event (Lindstrom et al., 2011). We evaluate the stressfulness of breast cancer with two questions made on the Likert scale with seven points, ranging from one (not at all stressful) to seven (extremely stressful). The questions are: "How stressful was the event for you at the time it happened?" and "How stressful is the event for you now?". Measured at baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow-up. 4. Social Support Satisfaction Scale (ESSS; Pais Ribeiro, 1994) assesses perceived social support through 15 statements that describe four social support dimensions: relationships satisfaction, intimacy, satisfaction with family and social activities. Measured at baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow-up. 5. Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief IPQ; Broadbent, Petrie, Main, & Weinman, 2006), is used to assess, in a population that has had a physical illness, the individual representations about the disease in areas such as stress, lifestyle or heredity. Disposed in nine items, this questionnaire assesses cognitive illness representations, emotional representations and illness comprehensibility. Eight of the items are rated using an analogue scale from 0 to 10 points. The last item is a causal question, which asks patients to enumerate three causal factors to the illness, in their particular case. Measured at baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow-up. 6. Distres | — |
Countries
Portugal
Outcome results
None listed