Metabolic syndrome biomarkers Nutritional, Metabolic, Endocrine Metabolic syndrome
Conditions
Interventions
The four treatment groups were defined as follows:
1. Treatment group 1: received daily vitamin D3 (15 µg) and probiotic (Lactobacillus salivarius 109 cfu/5 g sachets suspended in maltodextrin)
2. Tr
Sponsors
University College Dublin (UCD) (Ireland)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Healthy male and females aged 18 - 75 years 2. Free living 3. Fluent in English
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Body mass index less than 18.5 or greater than 30.0 (kg/m^2) 2. Iron deficiency anaemia (haemoglobin less than 12 g/dl for males, less than 11 g/dl for females) 3. Any chronic or infectious disease and any prescribed medication for such (contraceptive pills were permitted) 4. Pregnant or lactating females 5. Persons using hormone replacement therapy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Measurement of the following markers at the end of the 4 week intervention: 1. Leptin 2. Resistin 3. Adiponectin 4. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) 5. C-reactive protein (CRP) 6. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa) 7. Insulin 8. C-peptide 9. 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) 10. Triglyceride (TAG) 11. Non-esterfied fatty acids (NEFA) 12. Glucose | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| No secondary outcome measures | — |
Countries
Ireland
Outcome results
None listed