Condition 1: Urinary incontinence. Condition 2: Low back pain. Other specified urinary incontinence Low back pain
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention group: Participants in the intervention group performed a Kegel exercise program for 8 weeks and simultaneously received vitamin D3 and magnesium supplementation. The exer
Sponsors
Self-funded / No external financial support
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
60 Years to 65 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Postmenopausal women aged 60–65 years At least one year since the last menstrual period Presence of urinary incontinence symptoms (based on ICIQ-SF) No regular physical exercise during the past three months No vitamin D or magnesium supplementation during the previous three months No history of pelvic or lumbar surgery No neurological or musculoskeletal disorders affecting pelvic floor function Ability and willingness to attend training sessions and clinical assessments
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Unwillingness to participate in the study or failure to sign the informed consent form. Regular participation in intense training programs or professional sports activities at the time of study entry. Regular consumption of vitamin D or magnesium supplements in recent months that cannot be discontinued or controlled. Presence of musculoskeletal, neurological, or systemic diseases or injuries that limit the ability to perform the exercise program. Use of medications that may affect muscle function, the neuromuscular system, or the urinary system. Known allergy or medical contraindication to vitamin D or magnesium supplementation. Presence of acute or uncontrolled chronic diseases that may interfere with the intervention process or study assessments. Any medical condition that, in the opinion of the physician or the principal investigator, would prevent safe participation in the study.autorenewthumb_upthumb_down
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Urinary incontinence severity. Timepoint: Outcome variables will be measured at two time points: at baseline (before the start of the intervention) and at the end of the eighth week after the intervention. Method of measurement: Urinary incontinence severity was assessed using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Transversus abdominis muscle thickness by ultrasound. Timepoint: Baseline (pre-intervention) and Post-intervention (after 8 weeks). Method of measurement: The thickness of the transversus abdominis muscle was measured using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging with a linear probe (7.5–10 MHz). Participants were positioned in the supine position with knees flexed, and measurements were taken along the mid-axillary line between the 12th rib and the iliac crest. Three measurements were obtained and the average value was recorded.;Multifidus muscle thickness by ultrasound. Timepoint: Baseline (pre-intervention) and Post-intervention (after 8 weeks). Method of measurement: The thickness of the lumbar multifidus muscle was measured using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging at the L4–L5 vertebral level. Participants were positioned in the prone position and the ultrasound probe was placed adjacent to the spinous process. Three consecutive measurements were taken and the mean value was recorded.;Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level (25(OH)D). Timepoint: Outcome variables will be measured at two time points: at baseline (before the start of the intervention) and at the end of the eighth week after the intervention. Method of measurement: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured from fasting blood samples (12-hour fasting) collected between 8 and 10 a.m. using the ELISA method.;Serum magnesium levels. Timepoint: Outcome variables will be measured at two time points: at baseline (before the start of the intervention) and at the end of the eighth week after the intervention. Method of measurement: Serum magnesium concentration was determined from fasting blood samples using a standard enzymatic colorimetric method in a clinical laboratory. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactFatemeh Beheshtizadeh
Islamic Azad University
Outcome results
None listed