cholecystectomy. Retained cholelithiasis following cholecystectomy
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Control group: The control group will not receive any intervention and patients will be managed according to the standard care before and during surgery. Intervention 2: Intervention g
Sponsors
Khoram-Abad University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Age between 18 and 65 years Physical status ASA class I or II Candidate for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia Ability to understand and use the NRS (Numerical Rating Scale) Provision of written informed consent
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Known allergy to vitamin C or melatonin Chronic opioid use or chronic pain Renal failure (eGFR < 60) History of kidney stones G6PD deficiency Severe liver disease Pregnancy or breastfeeding Use of antioxidant or melatonin supplements within two weeks prior to surgery Requirement for conversion to open surgery
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postoperative pain intensity in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, measured by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS 0–10). Timepoint: 0, 30, 60 minutes and 2, 6, 12, 24 hours after surgery. Method of measurement: Patient pain intensity will be assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS 0–10), where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst possible pain. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postoperative pain intensity will be measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS 0–10) by a blinded outcome assessor. Timepoint: Pain scores will be measured at 0, 30, 60 minutes and 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. Method of measurement: Postoperative pain intensity will be assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS 0–10) at predefined time points by a blinded outcome assessor. The number of requests and total dose of rescue analgesic (meperidine) within 24 hours post-surgery will also be recorded. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactAtefeh Marzban
Khoram-Abad University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed