Condition 1: limb trauma. Condition 2: pain. Condition 3: anxiety. Unspecified injury Pain, unspecified Anxiety disorder, unspecified
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention group: Here’s a precise and formal English translation of your text:---Intervention Group: For patients in this group, the virtual reality (VR) device is first introduced,
Sponsors
Esfahan University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Willingness to cooperate and participate in the study Having trauma only in the limbs (diagnosis based on the patient’s medical record information) No wounds or injuries in the head and neck region Adequate cognitive and language ability to understand the questionnaire, and ability to speak and communicate Having at least basic literacy in reading and writing Not being classified as level one in emergency triage Pain intensity score less than 7 based on the VAS scale Age between 18 and 60 years No severe hearing or visual impairment based on self-report No substance abuse based on self-report Not receiving opioid analgesics since admission No history of psychiatric disorders or epilepsy, and no tumors or implants in the head based on self-report Intact pain perception (no neurological disorder in the injured limb) Not participating simultaneously in other clinical trials
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Unwillingness to continue participation in the study Intolerance to wearing the virtual reality headset during the intervention Patient discharge from the emergency department for any reason (e.g., admission to other wards, patient isolation, etc.) during the study period Exposure to a life-threatening condition
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Severity of pain. Timepoint: Immediately before and after the intervention. Method of measurement: Visual Analogue Scale.;Anxiety. Timepoint: Immediately before and after the intervention. Method of measurement: Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactMaryam Eghbali Babadi
Esfahan University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed