The Effectiveness of Schema Therapy Training on Tolerance of Ambiguity, Anger Management, Forgiveness and Self-Blame among Women Recovered from cancer

Status

Recruiting

Phases

Phase 3

Study type

Interventional

Source

IRCT

Registry ID

IRCT20251121068066N3

Enrollment

Registered

2025-12-09

Start date

2025-12-22

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2026-02-02

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Women recovering from cancer.

Interventions

Intervention 1: Intervention group: Participants in the intervention group will receive Young’s Schema Therapy, delivered in eight 60–90 minute group sessions. The intervention focuses on identifying

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

Female

Age

20 Years to 55 Years

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: Having a documented history of cancer with at least one year elapsed since complete recovery. Not currently undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy. No clinical or imaging evidence of disease recurrence or metastasis. Ability to read and write in order to complete study materials.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: Presence of severe comorbidities, including uncontrolled cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, or psychiatric disorders, that may interfere with participation in the study. Pregnancy or breastfeeding. Detection of recurrence or metastasis during the study period.

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Tolerance of Ambiguity: Continuous variable, representing the extent to which an individual can tolerate ambiguous situations without distress. Timepoint: Measurements will be taken at three time points: (1) pre-test (before the intervention), (2) post-test (immediately after the end of the intervention sessions), and (3) follow-up (45 days after the post-test). Method of measurement: All outcomes are measured by self-report standardized questionnaires as follows:Tolerance of Ambiguity: McLean Ambiguity Tolerance Questionnaire (2009), 13 items, 5-point Likert scale (total score range 13–65; cut-off = 39). Questionnaire administration is by self-report at each time point. Scoring procedures and psychometric references will be reported in the study protocol.;Anger Management: Continuous variable, reflecting the ability to control and regulate anger. Timepoint: Measurements will be taken at three time points: (1) pre-test (before the intervention), (2) post-test (immediately after the end of the intervention sessions), and (3) follow-up (45 days after the post-test). Method of measurement: Anger Management: Spielberger Anger Questionnaire (1988), 57 items, 4-point Likert scale. Questionnaire administration is by self-report at each time point. Scoring procedures and psychometric references will be reported in the study protocol.;Forgiveness: Continuous variable, indicating the degree of positive responses and reduction of negative responses toward the offender. Timepoint: Measurements will be taken at three time points: (1) pre-test (before the intervention), (2) post-test (immediately after the end of the intervention sessions), and (3) follow-up (45 days after the post-test). Method of measurement: Forgiveness: Hartland Forgiveness Scale (2005), 18 items, 7-point Likert scale. Questionnaire administration is by self-report at each time point. Scoring procedures and psychometric references will be reported in the study protocol.;Self-Blame: Continuous variable, rep	—

Measure

Time frame

Tolerance of Ambiguity: Continuous variable, representing the extent to which an individual can tolerate ambiguous situations without distress. Timepoint: Measurements will be taken at three time points: (1) pre-test (before the intervention), (2) post-test (immediately after the end of the intervention sessions), and (3) follow-up (45 days after the post-test). Method of measurement: All outcomes are measured by self-report standardized questionnaires as follows:Tolerance of Ambiguity: McLean Ambiguity Tolerance Questionnaire (2009), 13 items, 5-point Likert scale (total score range 13–65; cut-off = 39). Questionnaire administration is by self-report at each time point. Scoring procedures and psychometric references will be reported in the study protocol.;Anger Management: Continuous variable, reflecting the ability to control and regulate anger. Timepoint: Measurements will be taken at three time points: (1) pre-test (before the intervention), (2) post-test (immediately after the end of the intervention sessions), and (3) follow-up (45 days after the post-test). Method of measurement: Anger Management: Spielberger Anger Questionnaire (1988), 57 items, 4-point Likert scale. Questionnaire administration is by self-report at each time point. Scoring procedures and psychometric references will be reported in the study protocol.;Forgiveness: Continuous variable, indicating the degree of positive responses and reduction of negative responses toward the offender. Timepoint: Measurements will be taken at three time points: (1) pre-test (before the intervention), (2) post-test (immediately after the end of the intervention sessions), and (3) follow-up (45 days after the post-test). Method of measurement: Forgiveness: Hartland Forgiveness Scale (2005), 18 items, 7-point Likert scale. Questionnaire administration is by self-report at each time point. Scoring procedures and psychometric references will be reported in the study protocol.;Self-Blame: Continuous variable, rep

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Countries

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Contacts

Public ContactDr. Flora Khaitan

Islamic Azad University

f.khayatan@yahoo.com+98 31 3350 0200

Outcome results

None listed

Source: IRCT (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Feb 7, 2026