isolated limb trauma patients.
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Dexmedetomidine group: (Receive 100 micrograms in 1 cc of intranasal dexmedetomidine and 1 cc of normal saline IV/IM).To administer dexmedetomidine intranasally, the injectable form of
Sponsors
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Patients with isolated limb trauma with pain intensity of at least 4 on the numeric rating scale (NRS) Age between 18 and 65 years weight between 50 -100 kg
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Known history of sleep apnea Alcohol-consuming patients Known history of liver failure or icteric appearance Known history of renal failure (according to medical and/or drug history) Known history of heart failure or class 4 shortness of breath Known history of allergy to dexmedetomidine, ketorolac, and morphine Pregnancy and breastfeeding Patients who have recently taken painkillers within the past 6 hours nasal congestion Patients using opioids Oxygen level less than 92% in room air MAP <65 and/or systolic pressure <90 Respiratory rate less than 12 Heart rate less than 60 The need for any intervention requiring the prescription of sleeping pills Patients with any difficulty communicating with the medical staff
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Number of patients requiring additional analgesic(morphine) in the group of patients with moderate pain (score 4 to 6 based on the numeric rating scale). Timepoint: Within 3 hours after administration of drugs. Method of measurement: Patient file.;Cumulative dose of morphine consumed in all patients. Timepoint: Within 3 hours after administration of drugs. Method of measurement: Drug miligram from Patient file.;Most changes in restlessness compared to baseline. Timepoint: Within 3 hours after administration of drugs. Method of measurement: Richmond agitation and sedation scale RASS.;Changes in pain intensity compared to baseline. Timepoint: Half an hour, one hour, 2 hours and 3 hours after administration of first drug. Method of measurement: Numeric rating scale. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Number of patients with MAP reduction to less than 65 or SBP<90. Timepoint: Every 15 to 30 minutes Within 3 hours after administration of drugs. Method of measurement: cardiac monitor.;Number of patients with heart rate reduction below 50. Timepoint: Every 15 to 30 minutes Within 3 hours after administration of drugs. Method of measurement: pulsoximeter/cardiac monitor.;Number of patients with oxygen saturation levels below 90%. Timepoint: Every 15 to 30 minutes Within 3 hours after administration of drugs. Method of measurement: pulsoximeter/cardiac monitor.;Number of patients with respiratory rate reduced to less than 10. Timepoint: Every 15 to 30 minutes Within 3 hours after administration of drugs. Method of measurement: cardiac monitor. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactFatemeh sadat Hosseini
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed