postoperative pain after nephrolithotomy. Calculus of kidney and ureter
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention group: Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESP block)with Ropivacaine 0.2%, volume 20-30 ml, administered preoperatively at the level of T8-T9 on the side of sur
Sponsors
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
20 Years to 65 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: The patient's age is between 20 - 65. BMI <30 should be less than Not be addicted to drugs Do not take painkillers 48 hours before the procedure. The duration of the procedure should be less than 3 hours.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: The patient is older than 65 and younger than 20 The patient's BMI is greater than 30. Have a drug addiction If you have taken painkillers 48 hours before the procedure If the procedure lasts more than 3 hours
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| *Pain intensity* measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at defined postoperative intervals (e.g., 2, 6, 12, 24 hours) - *Total analgesic consumption* (e.g., mg of morphine or equivalent) within the first 24 hours after surgery. Timepoint: At 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperative and cumulative analgesic consumption within 24 hours after surgery. Method of measurement: 1: Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a 10-cm scale where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates worst imaginable pain. 2:Total amount of analgesic drugs (e.g., morphine equivalents) recorded from patient charts during the first 24 hours postoperatively. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1: Patient satisfaction level with pain control 2: Occurrence of complications related to the block (e.g. hypotension, nausea) 3: Time of first request for analgesics 4: Changes in vital signs after the block. Timepoint: at 1, 6, 12, and 24 hour postoperative. Method of measurement: 1.Patient satisfaction: Measured using a standardized 5-point Liker scale questionnaire postoperatively. 2.Complications (e.g., hypotension, nausea): Monitored and recorded by clinical observation and chart review.3.Time to first analgesic request: Recorded in hours from end of surgery until the first analgesic demand by patient, via nursing chart. 4.Vital signs: Measured using standard hospital monitoring equipment (blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate) and recorded at regular intervals postoperatively. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactDr Robab maghsoudi
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed