stroke. Vascular syndromes of brain in cerebrovascular diseases
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention group 1: DLPFC stimulation
the anodal electrode is placed at F3 (left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and the cathode at AF8 (right supraorbital area). The M1 region receives sham stimulation, so only DLPFC is actually stimulat
the anodal electrode is symmetrically placed at Cz (lower limb motor area) and the cathode on the left shoulder (extracephalic). The DLPFC region receives sham stimulation, so only M1 is actually stim
two anodal electrodes are placed simultaneously at F3 and Cz, and the cathodes at AF8 and left shoulder, respectively. Real stimulation is applied concurrently to both regions. The current intensity i
the montage similar to the combined stimulation is applied, but the current is gradually ramped up for 30 seconds and then ramped down. This method allows the participant to feel initial stimulation w
Sponsors
The Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Diagnosed ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke confirmed by a neurologist and at least six months post-stroke Ability to walk independently for at least 9 meters without assistance or cane Ability to press the space key using the unaffected upper limb No severe visual or auditory impairments Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 25 or higher Stability of routine pharmacological and rehabilitation treatments during the study period (without any change in the standard care of patients) Providing informed consent personally or through family representative
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: History or presence of uncontrolled seizures or epilepsy Presence of active neurological or psychiatric disorders (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression) Use of medications affecting neural excitability such as benzodiazepines or antiepileptic drugs Presence of metallic implants in the skull or electronic devices such as pacemakers Intolerance to electrical stimulation or occurrence of severe adverse effects during the first session Current or significant history of substance or alcohol abuse Severe or uncontrolled cardiac diseases Skin or skull abnormalities at electrode placement sites Absence from more than one intervention session Occurrence of balance disturbances in three or more trials (e.g., loss of balance requiring assistance or early termination for safety reasons) Recurrent stroke during the intervention period Withdrawal from participation during the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Sustained attention. Timepoint: Before and after each stimulation session (4 sessions per participant); the interval between sessions is 7±2 days to allow washout of previous stimulation effects. Method of measurement: Visual Continuous Performance Test (CPT) with 150 visual stimuli, including 30 target stimuli; outcome measures: number of correct responses, omission errors, commission errors, and reaction time. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Balance in single-task condition. Timepoint: Before and after each stimulation session (4 sessions); interval between sessions is 7±2 days (washout period). Method of measurement: Timed Up and Go (TUG) single-task test; measuring time to complete 3-meter path, number of responses, number of errors, and percentage of correct responses.;Balance in dual-task condition (walking with serial subtraction). Timepoint: Before and after each stimulation session (4 sessions); interval between sessions is 7±2 days (washout period). Method of measurement: TUG with serial subtraction from a randomly selected three-digit number between 400 and 500; measuring time to complete the path, number of correct responses, and only the first calculation error in each walking trial is recorded as an error. Subsequent consecutive errors arising from the same initial mistake within the same trial are not counted. Errors in a new trial or independent errors are recorded separately. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactAli Sattari Dehkordi
The Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS)
Outcome results
None listed