Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain.
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: First intervention group: In this group, we will have sham transcranial stimulation and a 2 mA anodic current will be applied for 20 minutes through two 25 cm2 sponge electrodes moiste
Sponsors
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
20 Years to 50 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: People who have had chronic back pain for more than three months Age range: 20 to 50 years old Gender: Female Ability to participate in intervention sessions and assessments Ability to understand and respond to treatment questionnaires and instructions Not taking antidepressants or antiepileptic drugs in the past 4 weeks
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: People under 20 years of age or over 50 years of age History of spinal surgery in the past 6 months Presence of neuropathic, inflammatory or systemic diseases that affect neuromuscular function Pregnancy or breastfeeding at the time of study participation Taking medications that affect the central nervous system in the past 4 weeks Participation in any type of physiotherapy or similar rehabilitation treatment in the past three months Presence of metal, platinum implants or electronic devices in the head or body History of seizures or epilepsy Severe psychiatric disorders Physical or cognitive disability to properly perform therapeutic exercises Participation in a similar study in the past 6 months Presence of skin problems or wounds in the area where the electrode is connected
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain intensity on a visual analog scale. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study and at the end of the study (4 weeks after the interventions). Method of measurement: The scale consists of a 100 mm horizontal line, with the left end representing “no pain” and the right end representing “the worst pain imaginable.” The participant must mark the intensity of the pain they are currently experiencing on this line. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Functional disability in the Oswestry questionnaire. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study and at the end of the study (4 weeks after the interventions). Method of measurement: Participants complete a questionnaire that includes nine functional sections that assess the impact of pain on activities such as personal care, lifting, walking, sitting, standing, sleeping, work/housework, traveling, and social life. Each item is scored from 0 to 5, and the total score ranges from 0 to 50. Based on the final score, the severity of disability is classified into different levels (mild to severe disability).;Kinesiophobia in the Tampa questionnaire. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study and at the end of the study (4 weeks after the interventions). Method of measurement: Participants complete a questionnaire consisting of 17 items rated on a four-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 4 = strongly agree). The total score ranges from 17 to 68, with a score above 37 indicating a high level of fear of movement.;Static balance with the Biodex dynamic balance device. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study and at the end of the study (4 weeks after the interventions). Method of measurement: Before the test begins, the participants’ standing posture is carefully standardized; subjects are placed barefoot on the surface of the device and their feet are adjusted to an angle of approximately 30 degrees to the midline of the body to maintain the same initial position throughout the test. During the test, participants are required to maintain a natural standing posture and keep their arms at their sides. Balance tests are performed in a variety of conditions, including a two-legged stance with eyes open and closed, and in some cases the platform is tilted to assess balance under unstable conditions. Each test is performed for 30 seconds and repeated three times to increase reliability. A one-minute rest period is provided between each test to prevent fatigue. Test data inclu | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactAsma Alipour
Razi University of Kermanshah
Outcome results
None listed