The effectiveness of reality therapy on self-blame, rumination, and academic motivation in undergraduate students of Islamic Azad University with the moderating role of gender.

Status

Recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Interventional

Source

IRCT

Registry ID

IRCT20250816066875N1

Enrollment

Registered

2025-08-28

Start date

2025-08-27

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2025-09-15

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Self-blame and rumination. Other specified disorders of adult personality and behavior

Interventions

Intervention 1: Intervention group: The present study is semi-experimental and uses a pre-test and post-test design with a control group, of course gender is a moderating variable. The statistical pop

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Age

20 Years to 35 Years

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: Age 20 to 35 years Education level Bachelor's degree Obtaining the required score in response to the questionnaires required in the research

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: Participation in other psychotherapy sessions Having illnesses such as substance abuse and psychosis

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
The present study is semi-experimental and uses a pre-test and post-test design with a control group, of course gender is a moderating variable. The statistical population is all male and female students of Ahvaz Azad University. The research sample is male and female undergraduate students of Ahvaz Azad University who will be selected by simple and purposive random sampling and randomly placed in two experimental and control groups (10 female students and 10 male students (total 20 people) experimental group, 10 female students and 10 male students (total 20 people) control group). The difference between the pre-test and post-test of each group will be examined for statistical significance.The implementation method is as follows: after the pre-tests are conducted, the experimental group will undergo reality therapy for 8 sessions of 90 minutes, once a week, in accordance with the reality therapy protocol guide (Dr. Sahebi, 2016), and in the form of presented sessions. Also, the students will receive the treatment in groups, and the control group will be placed on the waiting list. After completing 8 sessions of therapeutic interventions, a post-test is administered to both the experimental and control groups. Timepoint: The experimental group will undergo reality therapy for 8 90-minute sessions, once a week, in accordance with the reality therapy protocol guide (Dr. Sahebi, 2016), and in the format of the sessions presented. Method of measurement: The research tools will include the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire of Garnofsek et al. (2002), the Rumination Questionnaire of Hoeksma and Maro (1991), and the Academic Motivation Questionnaire of Harter (1980, 1981). SPSS version 18 computer software will be used to analyze the research data.	—

Measure

Time frame

The present study is semi-experimental and uses a pre-test and post-test design with a control group, of course gender is a moderating variable. The statistical population is all male and female students of Ahvaz Azad University. The research sample is male and female undergraduate students of Ahvaz Azad University who will be selected by simple and purposive random sampling and randomly placed in two experimental and control groups (10 female students and 10 male students (total 20 people) experimental group, 10 female students and 10 male students (total 20 people) control group). The difference between the pre-test and post-test of each group will be examined for statistical significance.The implementation method is as follows: after the pre-tests are conducted, the experimental group will undergo reality therapy for 8 sessions of 90 minutes, once a week, in accordance with the reality therapy protocol guide (Dr. Sahebi, 2016), and in the form of presented sessions. Also, the students will receive the treatment in groups, and the control group will be placed on the waiting list. After completing 8 sessions of therapeutic interventions, a post-test is administered to both the experimental and control groups. Timepoint: The experimental group will undergo reality therapy for 8 90-minute sessions, once a week, in accordance with the reality therapy protocol guide (Dr. Sahebi, 2016), and in the format of the sessions presented. Method of measurement: The research tools will include the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire of Garnofsek et al. (2002), the Rumination Questionnaire of Hoeksma and Maro (1991), and the Academic Motivation Questionnaire of Harter (1980, 1981). SPSS version 18 computer software will be used to analyze the research data.

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Countries

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Contacts

Public ContactKhadijeh Jalalpour

Islamic Azad University

Khadijeh.jalalpour@gmail.com+98 61 3337 9181

Outcome results

None listed

Source: IRCT (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026