Postoperative pain, Kocher’s incision, local ropivacaine infiltration, postoperative pain management. Disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Control group: At the end of surgery, patients in the control group will receive a subcutaneous injection of 20 mL of 0.9% normal saline in the same manner. The injection will be admi
Sponsors
Karaj University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Indication for surgery with Kocher’s incision Signed informed consent ASA class I–II Age 18 to 65 years Weight between 45 and 100 kg No known allergy to local anesthetics No severe cardiovascular, renal, or hepatic comorbidities
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Allergy to local anesthetics Patient’s refusal to continue participation at any stage Unexpected complications during surgery Conversion to laparoscopic or other surgical approaches
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postoperative pain intensity at the surgical incision site. Timepoint: Measurement of pain intensity at the surgical incision site at 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours after surgery. Method of measurement: Measurement of pain intensity using the Visual Analogue Scale (pain ruler). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Amount of analgesic medication used after surgery. Timepoint: Amount of analgesic medication used during the first 24 hours after surgery. Method of measurement: Calculation of the total milligrams of analgesic medication administered orally or intravenously, extracted from the patient's medical records. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactNastaran Hossein Shiroudi
Karaj University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed