Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes mellitus due to underlying condition
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention group: - Description:This group consisted of 20 women with type 2 diabetes who received Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT).- Key Characteristics: - Intervention Method:- 8 week
Sponsors
Islamic Azad University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
20 Years to 40 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Women aged 20 to 40 years with type 2 diabetes No history of substance use and no current or previous major psychiatric symptoms; no history of brain diseases such as brain tumors Not participating in other psychotherapy sessions for at least one month before the study Signing a written informed consent form and commitment to participate in treatment sessions Minimum education level: diploma (high school degree) Definite diagnosis of type 2 diabetes by a specialist physician
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Having brain diseases such as brain tumors Presence of current or past psychotic symptoms or severe psychiatric disorders Substance abuse Participation in other psychotherapy sessions at least one month before the study Not having at least a high school diploma No confirmed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes by a specialist physician Unwillingness to participate or refusal to sign the written informed consent form
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Anxiety Sensitivity - Measurement: Total score of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3) - Change indicator:Reduction of =30% from baseline. Primary Outcomes:Change in Anxiety Sensitivity (ASI-3) score at the end of the intervention. Timepoint: 1. Pre-test:Measurement of dependent variable (anxiety sensitivity) before the intervention began for both experimental and control groups. 2. Post-test:Re-measurement of variable immediately after completing the treatment sessions (after 8 sessions of Emotion-Focused Therapy). 3.Follow-up:Measurement of variable one month after the intervention ended to assess the durability of treatment effects. Method of measurement: 1. Anxiety Sensitivity - Tool: Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) - Original version:* Reiss et al. (1985) - Persian version:Used in domestic studies with confirmed validity and reliability - Description: - Consists of 16 items assessing fear of anxiety symptoms (e.g., "When my heart beats rapidly, I get scared"). -Three subscales: Physical, cognitive, and social concerns.- Scoring: 5-point Likert scale (0=Not at all to 4=Very much).;2. Perceived Stress - Measurement: Total score of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) -Change indicator: Reduction of =25% from baseline. Primary Outcomes:Change in Perceived Stress (PSS-10) score at the end of the intervention. Timepoint: 1. Pre-test:Measurement of dependent variable ( perceived stress) before the intervention began for both experimental and control groups. 2. Post-test:Re-measurement of variable immediately after completing the treatment sessions (after 8 sessions of Emotion-Focused Therapy). 3.Follow-up:Measurement of variable one month after the intervention ended to assess the durability of treatment effects. Method of measurement: 2. Perceived Stress - Tool: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) - Original version:* Cohen et al. (1983)- Persian version:Safaei & Shokri (2014) with satisfac | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactZainab Ahangarpour
Islamic Azad University
Outcome results
None listed