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Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention group: The experimental group will receive 10 weekly sessions of CBT intervention along with usual care. Usual care will include medical visits, medication, and general ad
Sponsors
Esfahan University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
30 Years to 60 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: - Clinical diagnosis of hypertension confirmed by a cardiologist at the Isfahan Hypertension Research Center (for at least 6 months), based on JNC-8 criteria (Stage 1: systolic 130-139 or diastolic 80-89 mmHg; Stage 2: systolic =140 or diastolic =90 mmHg). - Age range 30 to 60 years, due to the higher prevalence of hypertension and the ability to actively participate in meetings in this age group. (Although WHO does not specify a specific age range, its emphasis on blood pressure management in adults could include this age range.) - Ability to read and write in Persian to complete questionnaires and do homework. - Ability to attend 90-minute group sessions, without severe motor limitations or cognitive impairment (based on initial assessment). - Signing the informed consent form after receiving full explanations.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Severe Psychiatric Disorders: Individuals with severe psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression with suicide risk, or substance abuse are excluded from the study. These conditions may affect the psychological variables under investigation and limit the individual's ability to actively participate. Severe Physical Illnesses: Individuals suffering from severe physical illnesses such as advanced heart failure, kidney failure, or other chronic diseases are not included in the study, as these conditions may interfere with the intervention or put the individual at risk. Hypertensive Crisis: Individuals with a systolic blood pressure =180 mmHg or diastolic =110 mmHg at the time of screening are excluded from the study, as this condition requires immediate medical intervention and participation in the research could be dangerous. Physical or Cognitive Limitations: Individuals who, due to severe physical limitations (e.g., inability to sit for 90 minutes) or cognitive impairments (e.g., dementia), cannot participate in group sessions or complete questionnaires, are deemed ineligible. Age Outside the Specified Range: Individuals under 30 or over 60 years of age are not included, as the study focuses on the age group of 30 to 60 years. Inability to Read and Write in Persian: Individuals who cannot read and write in Persian are excluded, as they are unable to complete questionnaires or participate in intervention sessions. Use of Psychotropic Medications or Concurrent Psychotherapy: Individuals who have used psychotropic medications in the past six months or are currently receiving psychotherapy are excluded due to the potential impact on psychological variables. Unwillingness to Participate in the Study: Individuals who are unwilling to sign the informed consent form or do not wish to attend intervention sessions are excluded from the outset.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Interoceptive awareness. Timepoint: Before the intervention , After the intervention , Three months after the intervention. Method of measurement: The score of the Body Awareness Questionnaire by Mehling et al., consisting of 32 items and 8 subscales.;Flexibility Emotional. Timepoint: Before the intervention , After the intervention , Three months after the intervention. Method of measurement: The score of the Emotional Flexibility Questionnaire by Rashid and Bayat (2019), consisting of 24 items and 3 subscales.;Core self_evaluation. Timepoint: Before the intervention , After the intervention , Three months after the intervention. Method of measurement: The score of the Core Self-Evaluations Scale (CSES) by Judge et al., consisting of 12 items and 4 subscales.;Self Care Behaviors. Timepoint: Before the intervention , After the intervention , Three months after the intervention. Method of measurement: The score of the Self-Care Behaviors Questionnaire by Miller (1982), consisting of 20 items across 5 domains.;Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. Timepoint: The intervention will consist of 10 weekly group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) sessions for the experimental group. Each session is estimated to last 90 minutes. Method of measurement: Implementation of the group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) protocol for individuals with high blood pressure. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Hypertensive Patients. Timepoint: blood pressure measurements will be performed at the pre-test (before the intervention), at the beginning of each CBT session, at the post-test (after the last session), and at the follow-up (3 months later), i.e. at least 14 times for each patient. Method of measurement: Blood pressure measurements will be performed with a calibrated digital sphygmomanometer (approved by the research center) by a trained nurse at the center or a physician in a standard environment (temperature 22-25 degrees and without noise. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactNegar Hedie Zade
Islamic Azad University
Outcome results
None listed