Shivering. Chills (without fever)
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention group: Nalbuphine Group (NG)- Description: Patients receiving nalbuphine (0.5 mg/kg) intravenously over 5 minutes. Intervention 2: Intervention group: Tramadol Group (TG)-
Sponsors
National Medical Center
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
20 Years to 60 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Patients of either sex, between 20-60 years of age, receiving spinal anesthesia during lower limb surgery will be included in the study. ASA = 2
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Patients undergoing emergency surgeries, deformities of the spine, hypersensitivity to any of the drugs in the study. Patients with thyroid or neuromuscular diseases. Patients on narcotics/sedatives. Patients allergic to nalbuphine or tramadol. Patients with an initial body (core) temperature >38.0°C or <36.0°C. Patients with h/o stroke, renal impairment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, chronic liver disease, and CCF will be excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Shivering Assessment. Timepoint: initially at baseline (before intervention): immediately before administration Nalbuphine or Tramadol then, (post intervention): 15 minutes then 30 minutes, 1 hour then post surgery: 2hours. Method of measurement: Shivering assessment via grades 0 to 4:Grade 0: No shivering.•Grade 1: One or more of the following: Piloerection, peripheral vasoconstriction, peripheral cyanosis with, but without visible muscle activity.•Grade 2: Visible muscle activity confined to one muscle group.•Grade 3: Visible muscle activity in more than one muscle group.•Grade 4: Gross muscle activity involving the whole body. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Shivering Assessment. Timepoint: initially at baseline (before intervention): immediately before administration Nalbuphine or Tramadol then, (post intervention): 15 minutes then 30 minutes, 1 hour then post surgery: 2hours. Method of measurement: shivering assessment via grades 0 to 4: Grade 0: No shivering.• Grade 1: One or more of the following: Piloerection, peripheral vasoconstriction, peripheral cyanosis with, but without visible muscle activity.• Grade 2: Visible muscle activity confined to one muscle group.• Grade 3: Visible muscle activity in more than one muscle group.• Grade 4: Gross muscle activity involving the whole body. | — |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
Public ContactProf.Brig.(R).Aneel Aslam
National Medical Center
Outcome results
None listed