Developmental stuttering. Specific developmental disorders of speech and language
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention group:speech fluency shaping treatment and transcranial direct current stimulation treatment.The individual will undertake 6 rigorous sessions lasting 1 to 2 hours each fo
Sponsors
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 50 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Range of ages between 18 and 50 Right-handedness History of developmental stuttering, with mild to very severe stuttering Not having stuttering treatment speech therapy within the month before the intervention Monolingual and Persian-speaker Normal visual and auditory abilities
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Other speech and language impairments, cognitive or psychological diseases, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), brain surgery, or tumors may coexist with stuttering History of seizures Intake of any medication that affects central nervous system functions, such as antiseizures and antidepression Cranial/brain metal implants Skin lesions and sensitivity of the scalp skin to stimulation
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Percentage of stuttered syllables. Timepoint: One week prior to the intervention, Immediately after the intervention, 6 weeks after the intervention, and 12 weeks after the intervention. Method of measurement: The percentage of stuttered syllables in unplanned telephone call is calculated in this study. The percentage is calculated as follows: The number of stuttered syllables in the speech sample is divided by the total number of syllables spoken in that speech sample, and then multiplied by 100. Each evaluation session consists of a 10-minute telephone call with an evaluator.;Speech Naturalness. Timepoint: One week prior to the intervention, immediately after the intervention, 6 weeks after the intervention, and 12 weeks after the intervention. Method of measurement: The assessment of speech naturalness in this study will be done on a 9-point scale. A score of zero indicates that no speech treatment techniques were utilized, while a score of eight suggests that speech therapy techniques were used excessively.;Severity rating. Timepoint: One week prior to the intervention, immediately after the intervention, 6 weeks after the intervention, and 12 weeks after the intervention. Method of measurement: The severity of stuttering will be graded on a 9-point scale in this study. A score of zero indicates no stuttering, a score of 1 and 2 indicates very very mild stuttering, a score of 3 indicates mild stuttering, a score of 4 and 5 indicates moderate stuttering, a score of 6 and 7 suggests severe stuttering, and a score of 8 indicates very severe stuttering. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The severity of stuttering based on Severity Stuttering Instrument version-4. Timepoint: One week prior to the intervention and 12 weeks after the intervention. Method of measurement: This questionnaire assesses observable stuttering characteristics like frequency, duration, and associated bodily activities. In the current study, the Stuttering Severity Instrument-4 (SSI-4) is used to quantify the severity of stuttering in evaluations done one week before and 12 weeks after the intervention. Subtest scores and overall test scores will be recorded as dependent variables. The final score for this exam is calculated by adding the results of three subtests, including frequency, duration, and associated physical actions, and runs from 8 to 56.The duration subtest is based on the average of the three longest stuttering events, whereas the frequency subtest is based on the percentage of stuttering syllables in the speech sample and reading aloud (in literate people). In the associated physical behaviors subtest, a 6-point Likert scale (range from 0 to 5, indicating no associated physical behaviors) is used to assess the existence of physical behaviors accompanying stuttering in articulatory and body gestures.;The severity of stuttering based on Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Timepoint: One week prior to the intervention and 12 weeks after the intervention. Method of measurement: A thorough questionnaire that examines the individual's stuttering experience is used to determine the severity of stuttering. This questionnaire is divided into four components that encompass the individual's experience: basic stuttering knowledge, stuttering reactions, communication in everyday situations, and quality of life. The questions are answered on a 5-point scale by the participant. The results of the tests are displayed in two dimensions: impact severity and impact level. The questionnaire results are organized into two categories: impact level and impac | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactKowsar Esfandeh
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed