People who smoke.
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention group: In this group, smokers received 20-minute TDCS electrical stimulation with an intensity of 2 mA in the left DLPFC region, and the cathode electrode was placed in th
Sponsors
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 45 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Having informed consent Age 18 to 60 years Smoking at least 10 cigarettes a day Knowing the Persian language (Persian or Mazandarani dialect) Being a smoker for at least 2 years Not having a psychiatric diagnosis (schizophrenia-mania-bipolar disorders-major depression) Absence of head injury or any brain damage and neurological problems, for example, having a history of epilepsy, seizures, stroke, and brain or spinal cord tumors. Absence of any visual impairment Not implanting a metal object in the head Lack of simultaneous participation in another study
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Occurrence of any uncomfortable physical symptoms during the test History of suffering from any type of physical disease such as multiple sclerosis, diabetes, heart, lung, liver, kidney diseases and suffering from any acute infection. History of any type of psychiatric illness History of seizures for any reason Has taken psychiatric and anticonvulsant drugs in the last 3 months History of drug and alcohol use History of accidents and head trauma Sleep deprivation the night before the visit Drink tea and caffeine at least 3 hours before the cognitive test
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Craving scale. Timepoint: Before the start of the intervention and after the start of the intervention. Method of measurement: Nicotine craving scale. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactHamed ghazvini
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed