Effects of wet cupping therapy in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Investigation of the effects of wet cupping therapy on some inflammatory factors in patients affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Status

Active, not recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Interventional

Source

IRCT

Registry ID

IRCT20220425054654N1

Enrollment

Registered

2022-07-07

Start date

2021-04-03

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2022-08-29

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Fatty (change of) liver, not elsewhere classified

Interventions

Intervention group: wet cupping therapy was done on all patients in an only group, which was our control group, once every 15 days for a total of three times. Patients sit cross-legged on the bed. Th

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Age

20 Years to 60 Years

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: Men and women affected by non alcoholic fatty liver disease grade II and III proved by ultrasonography of the liver NAFLD patients with or without alteration in their liver enzymes

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: Patients who were affected by other chronic liver diseases or hepatitis and anemia Heavy smokers Alcohol drinkers with intake greater than 2 alcohol units (20 g/day) for women and greater than three alcohol units (30 g/day) for men Patients with prolonged intake of drugs induced fatty liver diseases such as amiodarone, perhexiline, DH, steroid hormones, tamoxifen and ...

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Modification on inflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a). Timepoint: Measuring the level of inflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a) at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of each wet cupping. Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent quantitative assay (ELISA) kit is used to measure the modification level of inflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a).;Modification on inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß). Timepoint: Measuring the level of inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of each wet cupping. Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent quantitative assay (ELISA) kit is used to measure the modification level of inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß).;Modification on inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Timepoint: Measuring the level of inflammatory cytokineInterleukin-6 (IL-6) at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of each wet cupping. Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent quantitative assay (ELISA) kit is used to measure the modification level of inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6).;Modification on High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level. Timepoint: Measuring the level of High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of the last wet cupping (third wet cupping). Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: High sensitivity C-reactive protein was measured by CRP detection kit (Nephelometry).	—

Measure

Time frame

Modification on inflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a). Timepoint: Measuring the level of inflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a) at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of each wet cupping. Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent quantitative assay (ELISA) kit is used to measure the modification level of inflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a).;Modification on inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß). Timepoint: Measuring the level of inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of each wet cupping. Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent quantitative assay (ELISA) kit is used to measure the modification level of inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß).;Modification on inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Timepoint: Measuring the level of inflammatory cytokineInterleukin-6 (IL-6) at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of each wet cupping. Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent quantitative assay (ELISA) kit is used to measure the modification level of inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6).;Modification on High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level. Timepoint: Measuring the level of High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of the last wet cupping (third wet cupping). Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: High sensitivity C-reactive protein was measured by CRP detection kit (Nephelometry).

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Secondary

Measure	Time frame
Serum lipids' level. Timepoint: Measuring the level of reduction on serum lipid profile at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of last wet cupping. Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: The reduction of serum lipid profile low-density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein- cholesterol was measured by quantitative kit.;Liver enzymes' level. Timepoint: Measuring the level of reduction on modifying liver enzymes' profile at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of last wet cupping. Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: The modification of liver enzymes' profile alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was measured by activity assay kit.	—

Measure

Time frame

Serum lipids' level. Timepoint: Measuring the level of reduction on serum lipid profile at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of last wet cupping. Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: The reduction of serum lipid profile low-density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein- cholesterol was measured by quantitative kit.;Liver enzymes' level. Timepoint: Measuring the level of reduction on modifying liver enzymes' profile at the beginning of the study (before intervention) and after 48 hours of last wet cupping. Wet cupping therapy was applied once every 15 days for a total of three times. Method of measurement: The modification of liver enzymes' profile alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was measured by activity assay kit.

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Countries

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Contacts

Public ContactRezvan Najafi

Hamedan University of Medical Sciences

najafi2535@gmail.com+98 81 3838 0583

Outcome results

None listed

Source: IRCT (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026