Dental caries.
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: First group : Chitosan-nano hydroxyapatite. CMC will be prepared by Hangzhou New Asia Intrernational Co.,Ltd,China ). HA ( Ca10(Po4) 6(OH)2 , white powder , size of nano particles < 50
Sponsors
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
14 Years to 29 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Patients aged 14-29 years old who require fixed orthodontic therapy All maxillary permanent teeth present up to at least first molars Good overall health Good oral hygiene ( with plaque score =20% ) No visible discontinuous band of plaque at the gingival margin of teeth and no bleeding on probing after 30 seconds Normal stimulated salivary flow rate (>1.0 mL /min) and buffer capacity ( a final pH of 6.0 and 7.0)
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: History of any previous orthodontic treatments or extractions History of using any bleaching agents or topical fluoridation within the last six months Non-observence of oral hygiene instructions Sever crowding of >6mm or severely rotated teeth , necessitating extraction of teeth Blocked out teeth and high buccal teeth that ristricts the patient hygienic access also put limitation for vissual and diagnodent examinations Any dental morphologic anomaly,intrinsic or extremly heavy extrinsic staining Visible signs of caries or fluorosis or hypocalcification and also any developmental defects Existence of dental crowns, amalgam or composite restorations which extended to buccal surface of teeth Any systemic or endocrine problems ( such as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases), craniofacial anomalies and lip or palatal clefts and smoking habits Any WSLs present on qualified teeth with and without frank cavitation, alterations of the enamel, e.g. hypoplasia, fluorosis Chronic use of medication causing a dry mouth or known xerostomia; known pregnancy or breastfeeding during the course of the study Professional administration or home use of highly concentrated fluoride products not related to the study during the whole study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Fluorescence assessment. Timepoint: every 3 months. Method of measurement: The teeth will be scanned carefully by the same dentist blinded as to group allocation of the subjects using probe tip B held in contact with the tooth surface and tilted around the measuring site rocking slowly in a pendulous motion so that fluorescence can be collected from all directions at 4 labial sites on the enamel (gingival, occlusal, mesial, and distal) around the brackets.The peak reading displayed on the panel of the DIAGNOdent pen during the scan will be recorded for each site of tooth surface. Then the mean of 4 sites for each tooth will be calculated and recorded. For each patient the mean scores of all 10 maxillary teeth that are included in the study will be calculated and a mean DD reading number for each patient will be recorded. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Visual assessment of WSL ( Gorelick assessment). Timepoint: every 3 months. Method of measurement: Before applying varnish at baseline(T0) ,3 months(T1), 6 months(T2) , 9 months(T3) and 12 months (T4) and at the end of the treatment(T5) , three standardized intraoral photographs (one frontal and two laterals) will be taken by a commercial SLR camera Nikon D5300 (Nikon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) outfitted with a 24 to 85 mm macro lens and an SB29s Macro Speedlight from patients in natural head position after cleaning and drying the teeth as mentioned above. Then, the photographs will be stored on a USB device, the cropped and color-matched before-and-after images for each patient will be imported into a Power- Point (Microsoft, Redmond, Wash) slide with a black background and the presence and severity of white spot lesions will be evaluated independently by two orthodontics specialists who are blinded with regard to the treatment group each patient belongs to. The labial surfaces of the maxillary incisors, cuspids and premolars will be assessed according to Gorelick et al.: Score 1 = no white spot formation; Score 2 = slight white spot formation (thin rim); Score 3 = excessive white spot formation (thicker bands); and Score 4 = white spot formation with cavitation. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactHooman Zarif Najafi
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed