The Effect of Episodic Future Thinking (EFT) on Craving

The Effect of Cue-Exposure Combined with Episodic Future Thinking (CIREF) Intervention on Craving and Delay Discounting in Opioid Users Receiving Methadone Maintenance Treatment: A Pilot Study

Status

Recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Interventional

Source

IRCT

Registry ID

IRCT20210804052079N1

Enrollment

Registered

2022-06-02

Start date

2022-06-06

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2022-06-27

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Opioid Substance Use. Opioid related disorders

Interventions

Intervention 1: Trial group: Episodic Future thinking group: In the first session, the subjects of the intervention group will be asked to generate the opioid-related cues for the the following for th

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

All

Age

18 Years to 45 Years

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: History of Opioid Use Methadone Maintenance Treatment Receivers Ability to Read and Write

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: Chronic Mental Disorder History

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
The primary outcome measure of the present study will be momentary craving assessed by the score of 3 sub-scales of the Desire for Drug Questionnaire. The sub-scales including: questions 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 10, 13, 14 investigate the patient’s “desire and intention to drug use”, questions 5, 9, 11, 12 investigate the “negative reinforcement for drug use" and questions 3 and 8 which are related to “drug abuse control”. There is no normal score for this questionnaire and the significance level of change is the evaluation criterion. Score received in each sub-scales will be assessed at baseline and after intervention. Timepoint: Baseline and after 4-week interventions. Method of measurement: 14-item Desire for Drug Questionnaire by Franken et al. will be used to assess the momentary craving.;The primary outcome measure of the present study will be craving in the past period assessed by the score of 4 sub-scales of Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale. The sub-scales including: questions 1, 2, 7, 8 investigate “desire and mental preoccupation with drugs”, questions 3 and 9 could be called as “the effect of desire for drug, and drug-related thoughts on the patient’s work and life”, questions 4, 6, 11 and 12 are related to “motivation, emotion, and lack of control” and questions 5 and 10 evaluate “resistance to drug use”. score for this questionnaire and the significance level of change is the evaluation criterion. Score received in each sub-scales will be assessed at baseline and after intervention. Timepoint: Baseline and after 4-week interventions. Method of measurement: 10-item Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale by Franken et al. will be used to assess the craving in the past period.	—

Measure

Time frame

The primary outcome measure of the present study will be momentary craving assessed by the score of 3 sub-scales of the Desire for Drug Questionnaire. The sub-scales including: questions 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 10, 13, 14 investigate the patient’s “desire and intention to drug use”, questions 5, 9, 11, 12 investigate the “negative reinforcement for drug use" and questions 3 and 8 which are related to “drug abuse control”. There is no normal score for this questionnaire and the significance level of change is the evaluation criterion. Score received in each sub-scales will be assessed at baseline and after intervention. Timepoint: Baseline and after 4-week interventions. Method of measurement: 14-item Desire for Drug Questionnaire by Franken et al. will be used to assess the momentary craving.;The primary outcome measure of the present study will be craving in the past period assessed by the score of 4 sub-scales of Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale. The sub-scales including: questions 1, 2, 7, 8 investigate “desire and mental preoccupation with drugs”, questions 3 and 9 could be called as “the effect of desire for drug, and drug-related thoughts on the patient’s work and life”, questions 4, 6, 11 and 12 are related to “motivation, emotion, and lack of control” and questions 5 and 10 evaluate “resistance to drug use”. score for this questionnaire and the significance level of change is the evaluation criterion. Score received in each sub-scales will be assessed at baseline and after intervention. Timepoint: Baseline and after 4-week interventions. Method of measurement: 10-item Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale by Franken et al. will be used to assess the craving in the past period.

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Secondary

Measure	Time frame
The secondary outcome of the present study is the score obtained in the dual monetary selection questionnaire. Timepoint: At baseline and after 4-weeks of intervention. Method of measurement: Delay Discounting will be assessed by Monetary Choice Questionnaire.Monetary Choice Questionnaires is a 27-item, brief dichotomous choice tasks that assess preference between small immediate and larger delayed monetary outcomes.	—

Measure

Time frame

The secondary outcome of the present study is the score obtained in the dual monetary selection questionnaire. Timepoint: At baseline and after 4-weeks of intervention. Method of measurement: Delay Discounting will be assessed by Monetary Choice Questionnaire.Monetary Choice Questionnaires is a 27-item, brief dichotomous choice tasks that assess preference between small immediate and larger delayed monetary outcomes.

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Countries

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Contacts

Public ContactMatin Toulami

Institute for Cognitive Science Studies

matin.toulami08@gmail.com+98 21 6642 6816

Outcome results

None listed

Source: IRCT (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026