Postoperative pain after gynecological surgery.
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention group 1: Daily 20-minute nurse-led guided imagery sessions. A trained nurse uses a standardized relaxation script (e.g., imagining a tranquil beach) to induce deep relaxat
Sponsors
Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Female patients aged 18–65 years Scheduled for elective gynecological surgery (including hysterectomy, myomectomy, oophorectomy, salpingectomy, or surgery for endometriosis) American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II Able to understand and communicate in the local language (Persian/Arabic) Willing and able to provide written informed consent No known hearing impairment that would prevent participation in guided imagery sessions Anticipated postoperative hospital stay of at least 48 hours to allow complete data collection
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Emergency or unplanned surgery ASA physical status III or higher (severe systemic disease) Documented psychiatric disorders or current use of psychotropic medications that may interfere with pain or anxiety assessment Chronic pain syndrome or regular preoperative opioid use (>3 months) Hearing or visual impairments that prevent effective participation in the interventions Known allergy or contraindication to standard postoperative analgesic medications Concurrent cancer treatment (chemotherapy or radiotherapy) at the time of surgery Refusal to participate or withdrawal of consent at any stage of the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postoperative pain intensity at rest, measured with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS, 0-100 mm) at 24 hours after surgery. Timepoint: At 0 (upon arrival to the post-anesthesia care unit), 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after surgery. Method of measurement: Visual Analogue Scale, a 100-millimeter horizontal line anchored by "no pain" (0) and "worst imaginable pain" (100). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Total opioid consumption in morphine milligram equivalents over 48 hours after surgery. Timepoint: Cumulative from 0 to 48 hours after surgery. Method of measurement: Recording of all administered opioid medications, converted to morphine milligram equivalents using standardised conversion factors.;Patient-reported comfort level. Timepoint: At 12, 24, and 48 hours after surgery. Method of measurement: Validated comfort scale (e.g., General Comfort Questionnaire or similar) assessing physical, psychospiritual, environmental, and sociocultural dimensions. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactNooshin Sarvi
Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed