Greif. Adjustment disorder, unspecified
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: First intervention group: In five-session grief counseling group, the order and type of sessions are as following: 1. Preliminary session: Preliminary evaluation and consultation 2. Th
Sponsors
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
15 Years to 64 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: The first-degree relatives of COVID-19 victim The age between 15 and 64 years old Have literacy and be able to understand and speak Persian. Provide written consent to enter the study.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Receiving any other grief interventions and psychological or pharmacological treatments before or at the same time as the research. Severe physical or mental disorders (delusions, hallucinations, lack of awareness of time and place) that make intervention impossible. Suicidal ideation or self-harm Alcohol and drug use
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The primary outcome of this study is the intensity of grief score of the family members of the COVID-19 victims measured with the Grief Intensity Scale (GIS). Timepoint: Assessments will take place three times, including before the intervention begins, one month and three months after the end of the last counseling session. Method of measurement: The Grief Intensity Scale (GIS): The GIS is a scale proposed by Prigerson et al. and is consisted of 12 questions measuring the thoughts, emotions, and behaviors of individuals who have recently lost an important person. This scale represents the severity of reactions of the bereaving individual. It facilitates clinicians to be able to assess the risk of an individual being later diagnosed with prolonged grief disorder after the loss of a loved one. The first two questions of this scale question the time elapsed since the death of a loved one and the decline in performance. The sum of the scores of the next 10 Likert-scale questions, each of which is answered with never, at least once a month, once a week, once a day, and several times a day, is analyzed as a grief intensity score. Each item receives a score of 1-5. A higher score represents a higher intensity in grief symptoms. We conducted a pilot study to investigate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of GIS and estimate the mean and standard deviation of the grief intensity score of the bereaved persons due to Covid-19. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the expert panel. The Cronbach's alpha of 0.92 and intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.87 indicated the good internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the Persian version of GIS. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The quality of life score in physical and mental performance of family members of the COVID-19 victims measured with the Short Form Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-12). Timepoint: Assessments will take place three times, including before the intervention begins, one month and three months after the end of the last counseling session. Method of measurement: Short Form-12 Quality of Life (SF-12): This questionnaire is the short version of SF-36 that has two general components of physical and mental performance with 12 questions and 8 sub-scales of physical functioning (2 questions), bodily pain (2 questions), role limitation due to physical problems (1 question), general health (1 question), Energy and vitality (1 question), social functioning (1 question), role limitation due to mental health problems (2 questions) and perceived mental health (2 questions). After performing the necessary calculations, the overall score of each person is obtained in two components: physical performance and mental performance. After translation for the Iranian population, the validity and the reliability of this questionnaire has been confirmed and standardized by Montazeri et al. with Cronbach's alpha of 0.72.;The general health score of family members of the COVID-19 victims measured with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Timepoint: Assessments will take place three times, including before the intervention begins, one month and three months after the end of the last counseling session. Method of measurement: General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28): This questionnaire was developed for screening the psychiatric disorders and has been commonly used in research in various countries. It includes 4 sub-scales of somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and depressive symptoms. The 28-item Persian version of GHQ was validated in a study by Noorbala et al. on Tehran population (aged 15 and more) and it showed a good reliability and validity for epidemiological stu | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactDr. Noushin Khademoreza
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed