Metabolic Syndrome. Metabolic syndrome
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention Group 1: Aquatic Handpolo was implemented over 8 weeks in a total of 16 sessions (2 sessions per week) in an indoor pool with a constant depth of 1.2–1.5 m, water temperat
Sponsors
Urmia University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
30 Years to 40 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Full-time or part-time employment for at least the past six months. Presence of at least three out of five diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome according to the NCEP ATP III guidelines Waist circumference = 88 cm. Fasting blood glucose = 100 mg/dL or receiving treatment for elevated blood glucose. Serum triglycerides = 150 mg/dL or under treatment. HDL cholesterol < 50 mg/dL or under treatment. Blood pressure = 130/85 mmHg or taking antihypertensive medication. Enrollment in a center that offers aquatic Handpolo activities. Ability and willingness to participate in moderate-intensity aquatic physical activity.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Pregnancy or intention to become pregnant during the study period. History of cardiovascular, renal, or severe musculoskeletal disorders that contraindicated exercise. Engagement in a structured exercise program more than twice per week within the past three months Use of medications significantly affecting lipid metabolism or cortisol levels, beyond standard treatment for metabolic syndrome Presence of psychiatric or neurological disorders interfering with adherence to the intervention protocol Inability to attend at least 80% of the scheduled intervention sessions.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Dynamic Balance. Timepoint: Before and after intervention. Method of measurement: Dynamic balance will be assessed using the Y-Balance Test, a simplified version of the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). This test evaluates participants’ ability to maintain postural control during functional lower-limb movements. The Y-Balance Test has demonstrated high validity and sensitivity for detecting functional asymmetries and predicting lower-limb injury risk. Intra- and inter-rater reliability has been reported with ICC values between 0.85 and 0.91.;Perceived Self-Efficacy. Timepoint: Before and after intervention. Method of measurement: Participants’ perceived self-efficacy will be measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), a 10-item questionnaire rated on a 4-point Likert scale. Higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy. The validated Persian version (Nejati et al., 2005) has acceptable reliability (a = 0.81). The scale will be administered pre- and post-intervention in both groups.;Motor Performance. Timepoint: Before and after intervention. Method of measurement: Core muscle endurance will be assessed using the McGill protocol, including tests for trunk flexors, extensors, and right and left lateral flexors. Each test will be performed once with a 3-minute rest interval. The maximum time participants can maintain each position will be recorded in seconds. Equipment will include a bench, 60° inclined surface, stopwatch, and straps.;Occupational Stress. Timepoint: Before and after intervention. Method of measurement: Occupational stress will be measured using the HSE Stress Questionnaire, which includes 35 items across 7 domains. The tool has demonstrated acceptable reliability (Cronbach’s a = 0.78). | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactRazieh Khanmohammadi
Urmia University
Outcome results
None listed