Condition 1: Children who needed surgery and intravenus line insertion to repair stenosis in the esophagus. Condition 2: Children with inguinal hernia who needed surgery did not have pain during the procedure. Condition 3: Children with inguinal hernia who needed surgery and did not have pain during the procedure. Condition 4: Children who needed intravenus cannula insertion for surgery to remove Obstruction of gallbladder. Esophageal obstruction Inguinal hernia Umbilical hernia Obstruction
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: First Intervention group: First intervention group: EMLA cream 1.5 grams of EMLA cream 5%(One gram containing 25 mg of lidocaine and 25 mg of perlocaine) was used, which was done 60 mi
Sponsors
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
3 Years to 6 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Age of 6 to 3 years, having no pain before the start of venipuncture, having complete consciousness and physiological stability, lack of mental retardation lack of analgesic , sedative, corticosteroid and relaxant medication.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: The occurrence of any phenomenon violates the inclusion criteria to the study Failure to insert the intravenous line with an cannula insertion into the skin and the need for re-effort,
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Behavioral changes related to Pain. Timepoint: behavioral changes related to Pain were evaluated Immediately after the cannula insertion of the skin. Method of measurement: behavioral changes related to pain with the wong baker face and FLACC Pain Rating Scale.;Changes of the amount of anxiety. Timepoint: Before and After of Intravenus Line Insertion. Method of measurement: visual anxiety scale.;Changes in heart rate related to pain. Timepoint: measurement of heart rate before and immediately after cannula insertion. Method of measurement: heart rate were measured with calibrate pulse oximetry that its model is novametrix.;Changes in arterial oxygen saturation percentage related to pain. Timepoint: measurement of arterial oxygen saturation percentage before and immediately after cannula insertion. Method of measurement: arterial oxygen saturation percentage were measured with calibrate pulse oximetry that its model is novametrix.;Changes in respiratory rate related to pain. Timepoint: measurement of respiratory rate before and immediately after cannula insertion. Method of measurement: Respiratory rate were measured by counting in a one minute by nurse.;Changes in blood pressure related to pain. Timepoint: measurement of blood pressure before and immediately after cannula insertion. Method of measurement: blood pressure were measured by the calibrate mercury barometer appropriate to the child's arm size (Model: fmt). | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactHanieh Neshat
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed