pain. pain, unspecified
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: willing to listen to music; being 18 years or older; lack of neuropathic disorders; havingno known history of depression; being treated with hemodialysis for at least 3 months; not being administered analgesics and sedatives within 3 hours before needle insertion into a fistula; having no history of taking antipsychotic drugs; not being mentally impaired; having no visual and hearing dysfunction and not being habited to listen to music during hemodialysis. Exclusion criteria: existence the acute pain in other area of body; need to try for needle insertion in to a fistula more than once; change in physical condition; refusing to continue study and death.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria:
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain. Timepoint: before and after intervention. Method of measurement: visual analoug scale. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Mazandaran University of Medical Science