Acute pain. Acute Pain
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: In the group A, after induction of anesthesia,lidocaine will be started with a bolus 1.5 mg/kg followed by infusion 2 mg/kg per hour up tp the end of the surgery. Intervention 2: In
Treatment - Drugs
In the group A, after induction of anesthesia,lidocaine will be started with a bolus 1.5 mg/kg followed by infusion 2 mg/kg per hour up tp the end of the surgery.
In the group B, after induction of anesthesia, Ketamine will be administered as a 0.5mg/kg bolus, followed by an infusion of 0.2 mg/kg per hour up to end of surgery.
In the control group , after induction of anesthesia, normal saline will be started as a bolus ,followed by an infusion up to end of surgery.
Sponsors
Vice-Chancellery of Research and Technology
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
20 Years to 50 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: The eligible participants were all opioid dependent patients aging 20-50 years who were candidate for orthopedic bone surgery under general anesthesia. Exclusion criteria: patients having the history of cardiovascular disorders; seizure disorder; psychiatric disorder; renal or hepatic dysfunction;taking illicit medications; hypersensitivity to local anesthetic drugs; other anesthetic method and ASA class more than III .
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria:
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postoperative analgesia. Timepoint: Every 15 min after patients will become awake in post anesthesia care unit (PACU). During the first 24 h postoperative analgesia will be evaluated every 2 hr for 8 hr then every 4 hr till 24 hr. Method of measurement: By using Numerical Rating Pain Score (0= No pain,..10= the most severe pain that could imagine). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Sedation. Timepoint: every 15 minute in PACU (post anesthesia care unit ). Method of measurement: By using sedation scale: 0 = Restless , 1 = Calm, 2 = Sleepy, 3 = Drowsy with response to verbal stimuli , 4 = Drowsy without response to verbal stimuli, 5 = Without response to painfull stimuli.;Patients satisfaction. Timepoint: Every 4 hr during first 24 hr post operation. Method of measurement: Patients satisfaction score : 0 = Completely unsatisfied 1 = Unsatisfied 2 = Neutral 3 = Satisfied 4 = Completely satisfied.;Postoperative nausea and vomiting. Timepoint: Every 4 hr during first 24 hr post operation. Method of measurement: By using 3-point scale: 0 = no nausea, vomiting, 1 = nausea only, and 2 = retching or/and vomiting.;Repiratory depression. Timepoint: Every 4 hr during first 24 hr post operation. Method of measurement: Difined as repiratory rate < 8/min. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactMohammad Ali Sahmeddini
Shiraz University Of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed