Normal Vaginal Delivery. Single spontaneous delivery
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention group: Breathing exercises, specifically diaphragmatic breathing, are to be performed at home. They should be done twice a day, consisting of 3 sets with 5 to 10 repetitio
Sponsors
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: First-time pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy, with no history of childbirth or miscarriage The age range is 18 to 35 years old. The Body Mass Index (BMI) should be less than 30 kg/m², within the range of 19.8 to 30 Informed consent for participation in research A healthy fetus in cephalic position, expecting spontaneous vaginal delivery (candidate for natural childbirth), without any pregnancy complications Confirmation of fetal health based on ultrasound findings or the triple test of pregnancy, no addiction to drugs, and no cognitive or psychological problems No apparent risk factors according to the findings of prenatal examinations and ultrasound for the mother and fetus Medical clearance for physical exercise during pregnancy The participant should not have psychiatric disorders or a history of any mental illness such as anxiety or depression, or neurological diseases The participant should not have severe cardiovascular disease The participant should not have high blood pressure due to pregnancy The participant should not have gestational diabetes The participant should not have a history of two or more miscarriages The participant should not have uncontrolled thyroid disease The participant should not have pulmonary-respiratory diseases The participant should not have a history of abdominal/uterine and pelvic surgery The participant should not have any underlying chronic diseases such as chronic constipation, asthma, chronic cough, or dystocia No history of tobacco use or alcohol addiction The ability to correctly perform pelvic floor muscle contractions Healthy sensory and motor function in the lower limbs and no musculoskeletal abnormalities No presence of prolapse, neuropathy (damage or lesions to peripheral nerves for any reason), or collagen tissue disease No prior engagement in pelvic floor muscle exercises similar to the exercise protocol before pregnancy and no history of professional sports
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Women who have a high probability of cesarean delivery or who undergo cesarean delivery Women who are at risk of preterm labor Any contraindication to physical activity according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Women who withdraw from the study before its completion for various reasons, including lack of time, changing hospitals, or migrating to other provinces Failure to attend two consecutive training sessions and three non-consecutive sessions, irregular performance of pelvic floor and breathing exercises according to the schedule (depending on the group they are placed in) Pain during pelvic floor muscle contractions Patients with paradoxical contraction of the pelvic floor muscles (defined as the descent of the pelvic floor muscle, where instead of pressing and actively lifting the pelvic floor muscles upwards, the pelvic floor is pushed downwards) The presence of persistent urinary tract infection during pregnancy Preeclampsia (pregnancy poisoning is one of the dangerous diseases of pregnancy that occurs in mothers with high blood pressure after the twentieth week of pregnancy) or other diseases that can affect participation Cephalopelvic disproportion, polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios or deep vein thrombosis. And pregnancy complications such as placenta previa, placenta accreta, known fetal anomaly and intrauterine fetal demise, abnormal placental conditions and vasa previa (a very dangerous condition in which the placenta and vessels within the membranes are positioned over the internal cervical os), antepartum hemorrhage, fetal distress or the administration of pain relief drugs other than IMP Premature rupture of membranes, emergency cesarean delivery, breech presentation, vulvovaginitis during hospitalization for delivery In the final days of pregnancy, if the baby's weight is more than 4000 grams or less than 2500 grams
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The duration of the second stage of labor. Timepoint: During vaginal delivery. Method of measurement: Clinical.;Pregnancy complications. Timepoint: Before the intervention starts and after the intervention ends. Method of measurement: Pregnancy symptom inventory questionnaire. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Assessment of lung volumes and capacities. Timepoint: Before the intervention starts and after the intervention ends. Method of measurement: Body plethysmography.;?Quality of life. Timepoint: Before the intervention starts and after the intervention ends. Method of measurement: SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactShaghayegh Moradi Alamdarloo
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed