malocclusion. malocclusion,unspecified
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: control group:bonding of stainless steel casting bracket (Fairfield Orthodontic, United States) 0.022 inch slot on upper and lower teeth. Intervention 2: intervention group: Bonding o
control group:bonding of stainless steel casting bracket (Fairfield Orthodontic, United States) 0.022 inch slot on upper and lower teeth
intervention group: Bonding of stainless steel metal injection molding bracket (Fairfield Orthodontic, United States) 0.022 inch slot on upper and lower teeth
Sponsors
Research deputy of Jondishapour medical science
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
12 Years to 25 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: The inclusion and exclusion criteria: Subjects’ willingness to participate, having indication of fixed orthodontic treatment, having all permanent teeth fully erupted (no semi-eruptions, no missing or extraction) excluding third molars, lack of any systemic diseases, history of allergic reactions, smoking or alcohol consumption, absence of any caries, lack of any metal restorations (e.g., amalgam fillings or fixed prostheses) before or during treatment, having adequate length scalp hair, and absence of any hair color or hairdressing.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria:
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Release of nickel ion. Timepoint: before intervention-6 months after intervention. Method of measurement: measure:microgram/gram dry hair mass- high resolution continuum source(AAS Contra AA700, Analytik Jena, Germany).;Release of chromium ion. Timepoint: before intervention-6 months after intervention. Method of measurement: microgram/gram dry hair mass- high resolution continuum source (AAS Contra AA700, Analytik Jena, Germany). | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactNima Haghighatjahromi
Jondishapour medical science university
Outcome results
None listed