pregnancy.
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Optimism training with Training the benefits of natural childbirth derived from Seligman's theory of learned optimism, during 6 session of the 60-minute With the participation of sampl
Optimism training with Training the benefits of natural childbirth derived from Seligman's theory of learned optimism, during 6 session of the 60-minute With the participation of samples group with l
Training the benefits of natural childbirth group, during 4 session of the 60-minute, have been studied.
First session: Generalities of the stages of birth, type of delivery (normal, cesarean sectio
The control group was not action
Sponsors
Department of Research and Technology of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: 1- Iranian nationality and living in Mashhad city; 2- At least primary education; 3- Singleton pregnancy and live fetus with cephalic presentation; 4- Without indication of cesarean section; 5- Gestational age According to first trimester ultrasound and last menstrual period was 30-34 weeks; 6- First pregnancy; 7- AF fluid and position of placenta according to second trimester ultrasound was normal; 8- Age between18-35 years old; 9- No history of infertility; 10- BMI was in range 19/8-29; 11- Own and his wife are employees of medical staff; 12- In the first trimester of ultrasound fetal abnormality is not detected; 13- Mother does not have a medical condition; 14- During the last 6 months have been intense spiritual emotions; 15-During the pregnancy is not continuing education about the advantages and disadvantages of delivery; 16- Having phone number to call; 17- Average score optimism in the two intervention groups, between 19-10. Exclusion criteria: 1- Dose not participate in two or more sessions; 2- Leaving the class up to 15 minutes before the training; 3- Unwilling to continue to participate in research; 4- In tests to measure optimism, attitude and choice of mode of delivery, before and after the intervention dose not participate; 5- Fetal death occurred during the study; 6- Intense emotions experienced since the start of the study until delivery; 7- Delivery between 39-35 weeks of pregnancy occurred; 8- During the pregnancy trained continuing education about the advantages and disadvantages of delivery; 9- Mother have a medical problem; 10- Signs of fetal distress exist.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria:
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Attitudes to the type of delivery. Timepoint: Immediately after the intervention. Method of measurement: Questionnaires to measure attitudes toward of natural birth and Caesarean section.;Intentions to choose the mode of delivery. Timepoint: Immediately after the intervention. Method of measurement: Checklist of reviewing decision making about type of delivery. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactMahin Esmaeili Darmian
Mashhad Faculty of Midwifery & Nursing
Outcome results
None listed