fracture of upper limb , fracture of lower limb. Fracture of upper limb, level unspecified,Fracture of lower limb, level unspecified
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Intervention1 (case group): In Group A, patients receive a dose of 0.4 mg / kg intranasal ketamine initially by atomizer (dividing the dose in half and administering each half-dose per
is reduced less than 13 mm (minimal clinically significant change noticeable by patients), were excluded from the study and routine analgesia administration and monitoring will be performed, also in t
is reduced less than 13 mm (minimal clinically significant
Treatment - Drugs
Intervention1 (case group): In Group A, patients receive a dose of 0.4 mg / kg intranasal ketamine initially by atomizer (dividing the dose in half and administering each half-dose per each nostril),
Control group: in group (B), patients receive 0.2 mg / kg ketamine intravenously initially and the same volume of nasal sterile water as placebo. Drugs’ dose are calculated based on patient weight. In
Sponsors
Arak University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
16 Years to 60 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: Patients with isolated trauma with fracture in the upper or lower extremities; aged between 16 and 60 years old; with Visual Analogue Scale pain score of more than 50 mm. Exclusion criteria: Patient’s refusal to participate in the study; having an underlying medical condition such as migraine, cardiac ischemia, schizophrenia, addiction, history of allergy to opiates or ketamine, head trauma or loss of consciousness; blood pressure of more than 180/100; vital signs Instability before and during the study; pregnancy; nasal deformity or injury which prevents nasal medication administration; any inability to express their pain during the study; consumption of high doses of analgesics within the last 4 hours, such as tramadol, methadone and opiates; presence of other trauma.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria:
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain reduction. Timepoint: in 0, 5 ,10 , 20 and 30 min. Method of measurement: Vas Score. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Dizziness, nausea, pain, burning throat, amnesia, headache, pain or burning sensation. Timepoint: in 5 , 10 , 20 , 30 min. Method of measurement: physical examination. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactAbdolghader Pakniyat
Arak University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed