level of hope. ???????? ???????
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria:Patients age between 18 to 65 years; not having cognitive and psychological disorders; patients’ Persian-speaking with at least primary education; reaching final stage of renal disease which is constantly under treatment; passing at least 6 months of treatment with hemodialysis; treatment of three times a week for three to four hours; no renal transplantation and immigration during intervention ; no formal training in relation to dialysis; having cell phone. Exclusion criteria: having a history of serious or adverse experiences in the last six months; being treated with antidepressant medications and hospitalization due to acute disease; unwillingness to continue to participate in the study.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria:
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Level of hope. Timepoint: after telephone follow up. Method of measurement: miller hope questionner. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Shiraz University Medicine Sciences.