In the absence of muscle relaxants to facilitate intubation. Failed or difficult intubation
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: intervention 1: Remifentanil 2 µg/kg. Intervention 2: intervention 2 : Remifentanil 3 µg/kg.
Treatment - Drugs
intervention 1: Remifentanil 2 µg/kg
intervention 2 : Remifentanil 3 µg/kg
Sponsors
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 50 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: Informed written consent; ASA class ?-??; Age between 18 and 50 years; Elective surgery; Mallampati class ?-??. Exclusion criteria: History of difficult intubation; Pulmonary diseases; Recent respiratory tract infection; History of previous surgery on the larynx; Smoking; Gastroesophageal reflux; Hiatal hernia; Substance abuse; Pregnancy; Obesity; Renal diseases (baseline serum creatinine > 2mg/dl); Hepatic diseases (liver function tests > 1.5 times of the normal upper limit).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria:
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Tracheal intubation. Timepoint: 90 seconds after induction of anesthesia. Method of measurement: on the movement and position of vocal cord, airway reaction and limb movement as excellent, good and poor will be assessed. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Systolic pressure. Timepoint: Immediately and 5 min after laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Method of measurement: manometer.;Diastolic pressure. Timepoint: Immediately and 5 min after laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Method of measurement: manometer.;Heart rate. Timepoint: Immediately and 5 min after laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Method of measurement: manitoring. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Outcome results
None listed