immunization injection pain in infants. Need for immunization against diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, combined [DTP]
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention 1: Experimental group will receive a rattle as a distraction technique by the researcher, 45 seconds before vaccination until 15 seconds after that. Intervention 2: Control group will rec
Experimental group will receive a rattle as a distraction technique by the researcher, 45 seconds before vaccination until 15 seconds after that.
Control group will receive standard care in health centers.
Sponsors
Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
No minimum to 6 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: Breast feeding is the dominant; birth is term (37-42); Child's growth curve is normal; the child is quiet and without crying; child and mother have not received analgesia or sedative medications during 48h prior to the study; Infant diaper is dry; infant is eligible for DPT vaccination. Exclusion criteria: Child has history of surgery, hospitalization; Child with cerebral palsy and is mentally retarded; Child has acute or chronic illness.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria:
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain. Timepoint: 15 seconds after vaccination. Method of measurement: modified behavioral pain scale (MBPS).;Cry time. Timepoint: Injection until the end of time crying. Method of measurement: seconds. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactZahra Younesi
Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed