Preemptive Analgesia on orthopedic post-operative pain.
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Patients who are candidates for orthopedic foot surgery under general anesthesia American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) physical status class I–II Patient age between 18 and 64 years. Written informed consent to participate in the study Surgical procedures with a duration of less than three hours
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Hypersensitivity or allergy to any of the study medications. Patients receiving corticosteroid therapy. History of using analgesic, opioid, or sedative medications prior to surgery. History of chronic pain–related conditions (such as fibromyalgia or chronic neuropathic pain).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain scores. Timepoint: upon admission to the post-anesthesia care unit and at 8 and 24 hours after the end of surgery. Method of measurement: Visual Analogous Scale (VAS) and scoring from 0 to 100. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV). Timepoint: The first 24 hours after surgery. Method of measurement: Note by the nurse.;The mean of the first analgesic duration. Timepoint: The first analgesic duration. Method of measurement: Note by the nurse.;Morphine milligram Equivalent(MME). Timepoint: The first 24 hours after surgery. Method of measurement: Note by the nurse.;The Mean number of analgesic consumption. Timepoint: 24 hours after surgery. Method of measurement: Note by the nurse.;Frequency of drug abuse (sedation ,headache and skin rush). Timepoint: Within 24 hours of surgery . Method of measurement: Note by the nurse. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Esfahan University of Medical Sciences