Elderly women consuming hookah. Tobacco use
Conditions
Sponsors
Larestan University of Medical Sciences
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Female
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Samples tend to be voluntary to participate in research. Candidates must be at least 60 years old. Candidates have acceptable listening and speaking skills. Candidates with acute psychosis do not have chronic and debilitating diseases and cognitive disorders such as dementia. Depression and anxiety are not the result of physical problems such as hypothyroidism. Candidates do not have a history of using psychiatric medications due to psychological problems. Candidates did not receive treatment that impaired mental ability, memory, or thinking. Candidates should be familiar with Persian language. Before the intervention, the candidates obtained a score of 5 to 11 from the Elderly Depression Questionnaire, a score of 32 to 64 from the state Anxiety Test, and a score of 32 to 62 from the trait Anxiety Test. Candidates should have a moderate level of cognitive status (obtaining a minimum score of 21 in the Mini-Mental State Examination test). Candidates should not be in other treatment groups. Candidates have a history of hookah use for at least 1 year.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Occurrence of any severe social, familial crisis during the study (such as the grief of family members in the last 6 months) Hospitalization or acute and chronic illness that interferes with research. Cognitive disorders and physical disabilities that seriously hinder participation in group therapy sessions. Taking psychiatric pills due to psychological problems during the study Symptoms and signs of crisis at the time of expression and review of life events during the study Absence from meetings more than once Alcohol or drug abuse Lack of willingness of samples to continue participating in research
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| A score of 5 to 8 indicates mild depression, 9 to 11 indicates moderate depression, and 12 to 15 indicates severe depression. Timepoint: Before the intervention, immediately and one month after the intervention. Method of measurement: Elderly Depression Questionnaire.;The scores on either of the trait and state anxiety scales can range from 20 to 80. state Anxiety: Rating 20 - 31 Mild Anxiety, Score 32 - 42 Medium to Low Anxiety, Rating 43 - 53 Medium to High Anxiety, Rating 54 - 64 Relatively Severe, Rating 65 - 75 Severe and Rating 76 and Up indicate High Anxiety It is severe. For trait Anxiety: Rating 20 - 31 Mild Anxiety, Rating 32 - 42 Medium to Low Anxiety, Rating 43 - 52 Medium to High Anxiety, Rating 53 - 62 Relatively Severe Anxiety, Rating 63 - 72 Severe Anxiety, Rating 73 and Up Very Anxiety Shows extreme. Timepoint: Before the intervention, immediately and one month after the intervention. Method of measurement: Spiel Berger Anxiety Questionnaire. | — |
Countries
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Contacts
Public ContactMohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan
Larestan University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed